The M30 Luftwaffe drilling was a survival weapon issued to Luftwaffe pilots during World War II. It was primarily issued to airmen operating in North Africa. The M30 was intended to be used for hunting and self-defense against natural predators. For maximum versatility the M30 featured two 12 gauge shotgun barrels on top and a 9.3x74mmR rifle barrel below. The left-hand barrel was left unchoked for shooting slugs and the right barrel was choked for shot-shells. They were manufactured by the German firm JP Sauer.
History
The M30 Luftwaffe Drilling was a Drilling-type combination gun produced by JP Sauer & Sohn, notable for seeing military use by the German Luftwaffe in World War II, who issued it as a survival weapon to Luftwaffe air crews, primarily during the North Africa campaign. The specific gun that was adopted as the M30 had been marketed to hunters starting in 1930, and the military iteration of the M30 was produced from 1941 to 1942. It is thought that Hermann Goering's decision to order the weapon was influenced by his personal fondness for hunting. They were procured outside of normal military channels and so the military versions were made to the same standards of fit and finish as the commercial version, making the M30 extremely expensive. The M30 was a Normaldrilling or klassischer Drilling, a type of combination gun with two shotgun barrels and one rifle barrel, which became popular with European hunters in the 1900s or so: Drillings had existed earlier, but prior to the introduction of affordable and reliable cast steel gun barrels in the late 19th century they were either prohibitively expensive or too heavy and unwieldy to see much use. The M30 was stored in an aluminium chest on board the aircraft, containing the weapon dismantled into barrel assembly and stock, a sling and cleaning kit, 20 rounds of soft-pointed 9.3x74mmR ammunition, 20 12-gauge slug shells and 25 12-gauge birdshot shells. The whole chest weighed 32 pounds, and was intended to be retrieved from the aircraft after it crashed rather than taken as the crewbailed out, thus making it the only survival weapon which faced a stiff challenge to its own survival before worrying about anyone else's. As a side note, it is an extremely rare firearm that is worth thousands of dollars even in poor condition.
Design
The weapon has two hammerless shotgun barrels, with a single rifle barrel underneath, firing two 12 or 16 gauge shells alongside a single 9.3x74mmR rifle round. The M30 has two triggers and a sliding selector directly behind the lever for opening the breech. With the selector in the forward position, the 100m V-notch rear sight is raised and the forward trigger engaged. In this mode, the front trigger fires the rifle barrel while the rear trigger fires the left shotgun barrel, which is choked for Brenneke slugs. Sliding the selector back retracts the rear sight and makes the front trigger fire the right shotgun barrel, which is choked for birdshot. This setup, common for Drilling-type combination guns, allows the weapon to fire three shots without either opening the breech or lowering the weapon from the shoulder.
