Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six-Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill. Its name, translated to "Bay Laurel Heights", commemorates Israel's victory in that war, the Bay laurel being a symbol of victory. The name Ma'alot Dafna also refers to the ma'alot up to the dafna, referring to the layered hills and the stepped approach to it. The neighborhood includes a sub-neighborhood called Arzei HaBira, which was built on territory on the Israeli side of the armistice line before the war. Arzei HaBira is now considered a separate neighborhood, with more than 200 families. The rest of Ma’alot Dafna was built on territory that had been either no man's land or land used by the Jordanian military. Ma'alot Dafna was built as part of the sequence of Jewish neighborhoods called the bariah or "hinge" neighborhoods connecting West Jerusalem to Mount Scopus. On July 1967, Prime MinisterLevi Eshkol gave a clerk named Yehuda Tamir unusual authority to overlook governmental building license policy in order to speed upthe establishment of the "hinge" neighborhoods. The neighborhood was designed so that it could serve the adjacent neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi, a poorly designed and problematic lower-class neighborhood, which until the Six Day War faced a large enemy fort.
Demographics
Ma'alot Dafna now has a population of about 420 families, of which 220 are Anglo-born and 200 are Israeli. Most of the Anglo community consists of American Haredi couples who come to Israel for one or more years of kollel study at the nearby Mir yeshiva. The latter group creates a high turnover rate in the Anglo community.
Architecture
Ma’alot Dafna is a small neighborhood, originally built for a population of 4,000 ), by the contractor company “Shikun U'Pituakh”; chief of architects Y. Drexler. It initially consisted entirely of four-story apartment houses of two to three bedrooms per apartment. The buildings are faced with Jerusalem stone and include architectural elements typical to the Old City of Jerusalem, as well as modern ones. The neighborhood has large areas reserved for pedestrian traffic.
Notable institutes
René CassinHigh School serves the secular population of the northern Jerusalem neighborhoods. In its heyday, it had 60 classes of 40 students each. Its students learned three languages: Hebrew, English and French.
Yeshivat Ohr Somayach is one of the most notable yeshivas in Jerusalem for baal teshuva men.
