MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects


MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects is an architecture firm based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, with an additional studio in Boulder, Colorado, USA. The practice is led by partners Brian MacKay-Lyons and Talbot Sweetapple. Their firm focuses locally and internationally on architectural and urban design services for residential, cultural, and institutional projects.
MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects has received numerous international, national and regional awards for its work. This recognition includes the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada Gold Medal in 2015 and RAIC Firm Award in 2014, six Governor General Medals, two American Institute of Architects National Honor Awards of Architecture, thirteen Lieutenant Governor’s Medals of Excellence, eight Canadian Architect Awards, four Architectural Record Houses Awards, and ten North American Wood Design Awards. Their work has also been featured in various international exhibits and over 300 publications.

Background

In 1985, Brian MacKay-Lyons founded the original firm as Brian MacKay-Lyons Architecture Urban Design in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The firm evolved into MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects Limited when Talbot Sweetapple partnered with Brian MacKay-Lyons in 2005.
The growth of the firm followed the creation of the partnership, with Talbot pushing for new public projects on top of the firm's existing residential project repertoire. Following this, the duo designed and built a new office, from which they continue to operate. Located on Gottingen Street in Halifax, the new space accommodates the 20-person practice. Their design philosophy is rooted into their work, as well as their office. Through the improvement of the office neighbourhood, the design of their work facility demonstrates their humanistic and urbanistic values of "to be what you provide."
In 2018, MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects opened a satellite office location in Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. The Denver office is their first location outside Nova Scotia. The office was opened as a response to the firm's work on Summit Powder Mountain in Utah, and will allow them to better serve their American clients and communities.
Currently, the Halifax head office is headed by the two principals, Brian MacKay-Lyons and Talbot Sweetapple. It also includes one Managing Principal, Melanie Hayne, and one Design Associate, Shane Andrews.

Partners

Brian MacKay-Lyons

Brian MacKay-Lyons was born and raised in the village of Arcadia in Southwestern Nova Scotia. In 1978, he received his Bachelor of Architecture at the Technical University of Nova Scotia and was also awarded with the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada Medal. Brian received his Master of Architecture and Urban Design at U.C.L.A., where he was awarded the Dean's Award for Design. After graduating with his Masters of Architecture and Urban Design, Brian MacKay-Lyons studied abroad in China, Japan, California and Italy.

Talbot Sweetapple

Talbot Sweetapple was born in St. John's, Newfoundland. Before studying architecture, Talbot received a Bachelor of Arts with a major in Philosophy. He received his Bachelor of Environmental Design Studies at the Technical University of Nova Scotia in 1995, and graduated with a Masters in Architecture as a Sexton Scholar in 1997. As a student in the co-op program, Talbot worked as an intern at Brian MacKay-Lyons Architecture and Urban Design and with Shin Takamatsu in Berlin, Germany. During his time at Toronto architecture firm Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg in 1997, Talbot built up his experience working on institutional project typologies. Returning to Halifax to work under Brian MacKay-Lyons in 1998, Talbot was influential as the project architect on various award-winning public projects such as the Dalhousie University Faculty of Computer Science Building, the Academic Research Centre at the University of Toronto, and the new Canadian Chancery in Dhaka, Bangladesh. His interest and background in public architecture, along with Brian and Talbot's aligned architectural philosophies, led to the successful partnership of the firm. Since 2005, their partnership has led to the growth of the firm as they began to undertake more urban projects.

Professorship

Both partners of MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects are active and have held many professorship positions in architectural education.
Brian originally started teaching at Dalhousie University on January 3, 1983, and also started his practice at the same time. Since then, he has held many visiting professorship positions and acted as endowed chairs at leading universities including: The Peter Behrens School of Architecture in Dusseldorf, University of Houston, Washington University in St. Louis, University of Michigan, University of Arkansas, University of Maryland, Texas A & M University, Auburn University, Tulane University, Syracuse University, Middlebury College, University of Oklahoma, McGill University, and Harvard University. Having contributed to architectural education for over 30 years, he is currently a full professor of architecture at Dalhousie University.
Talbot started teaching in design and technology studios as an Adjunct Professor at Dalhousie University in 1997. While there, he was a sessional design instructor, but also taught throughout the United States as a guest professor. In 2004, he taught at Syracuse University, the University of Arkansas, and was also appointed as the Ruth and Norman Moore Chair at Washington University in St. Louis. Currently, he holds the faculty position of Assistant Professor at Dalhousie University.

Partnership

Talbot was originally a student of Brian MacKay-Lyons at Dalhousie University. Talbot was drawn quickly to Brian as a teacher who was already established as an architect at that time. Both individuals grew up and have strong cultural roots in Atlantic Canada. Brian's heritage includes Acadian ancestry from Nova Scotia, and Talbot's includes Mi'kmaq ancestry from Newfoundland. Both learned to understand, listen and draw inspiration from their cultural heritage for their work. Their work speaks of architecture that is rooted in place, craft, constructability, and material culture. As Talbot began working under Brian, their relationship as a student to teacher slowly evolved to that of an intern to architect. In his studio, Brian encouraged the practice of a "master architect" to "apprentice architect" relationship, where Brian acted as a mentor to Talbot during his early days working under his firm. As time went on, the two solidified their business relationship as partners. Their partnership's founding values include collaboration and inclusivity, expressed in their work as well as in the firm itself.

Design Approach

The work of MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects consists of two varying scales, residential and public architecture. Between these two scales, the firm values a one body of work approach and tends to search for elements that link the scales which are the landscape, climate, and material culture. They are most often known for their architecture's cultural responsiveness to these elements, while also respecting history, community and altogether displaying modern, progressive designs.
MacKay-Lyons and Sweetapple tend to draw their inspiration from reading, listening and seeing the site context. By reading the regional landscape, cultural, climactic, material knowledge is revealed. In combination with listening to the context, they understand the social ambition of the place. Both of these ideas are elemental for providing the intellectual content for the firm's projects. Brian MacKay-Lyons says, "Half of the design of a house, for us, is getting to the front door, being taken through the landscape in a journey." Much of the architecture they design, is inspired by the landscape that it sits on, through creating and crafting an experience for the user that takes them through the environment and into the architecture.
With both partners' strong background in the local Atlantic culture, their approach to their work goes back to looking at tradition and history. They believe it is an integral part of reading and understanding the landscape - drawing from a vernacular archetype, contextualizing it, deconstructing it, and pushing its boundaries to create timeless, modern architecture that seamlessly integrates into its environment. MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects' have a strong interest in this concept of "invisible architecture," their design philosophy revolves around, in Brian's words, "cultivating the cultural landscape, not standing out against it, but adding to the cohesion ."
Embedded in MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple's projects, reflect their modest response and understanding of the landscape that it sits on. Their architecture silently interacts with its surroundings, yet speaks volumes to the world - conveying the firm's beliefs and values on leaving the world in a better place than you found it.

Notable Works

Private

Two Hulls House

Two Hulls House is a family of four's permanent residence, located in the maritime climate on a glaciated coastal landscape. The design is composed of two pavilions, a day pavilion for living spaces and night pavilion for sleeping, both separated by a central foyer. The two forms rise above the shore like two ship's hulls that are docked for the winter, while also shaping protected exterior spaces between and beneath them. Resembling a pair of binoculars, the residence acts as a tool to view the landscape, resting lightly on the land and looking outwards to the ocean. A steel-frame structure, composed of a bridge truss and board-and-batten cedar cladding, characterizes the building with deliberately crafted details and durability to withstand the rough climactic conditions.

Enough House

Upper Kingsburg, Nova Scotia
Enough House is a prototype house built on the Shobac Campus at Brian MacKay-Lyons' farm. The project is an exploration of the concept of a "minimum" house, where the essential elements of a house is limited to an economical building footprint. The house prototype is meant to be flexible, to allow for replication and customization to be applicable to site specific conditions. Its traditional gable roof response to the adjacent reconstructed Chebogue Schoolhouse, which was first built in 1830. A bite taken out of the house's southwest corner provides solar gain and opens up towards the sea. Its opposite north façade frames views towards the nearby rolling hills and pastures. The Enough House modestly engages with the neighbouring buildings and landscape, while quietly conveys its own subtle, modern character to the site.

Public

Shobac Campus and Ghost Architectural Laboratory

Upper Kingsburg, Nova Scotia
Shobac Campus is a historic and cultural site that has been passed down from generations for centuries. Named after the original land grant of Christian Shoubach, the name "Shobac" also refers to the adjacent high cliffs that overlook the LaHave River estuary on the coast of Nova Scotia. For thousands of years, the land has been used as a seasonal encampment by the indigenous Mi'kmaqs, French fisherman as a fishing and farming village, Acadian, German, Swiss and French Protestants for agricultural uses - overtime, the area has had a rich history of settlement. In 1988, Brian MacKay-Lyons began to re-clear the abandoned farmland, to recreate and cultivate it into an agricultural village at the edge of the Atlantic Ocean.
Several projects designed by MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects are located in the Shobac Campus. Many of these projects belong to the Ghost Architectural Laboratory, started by Brian MacKay-Lyons and ran from 1994 for thirteen iterations, before going on a hiatus in 2011. The structures from the Ghost Lab are products of the two-week design-build symposium, which provide accommodation for the event and a venue for the community events. The Ghost Lab's purpose was to function as an architectural education center in building arts, as well as a constructive critique of contemporary architectural education, in similar tradition to the Frank Lloyd Wright's Taliesin. Through the Ghost Lab, MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple's commitment and innovation in teaching methods thus led them to win a Global Award for Sustainable Architecture in 2017.
The result of the Shobac Campus was built around the Ghost structures, and is an expression of utopian architectural ambitions. Showcasing an argument for land stewardship and constructed through modest methods, the buildings form courtyards and "microclimates" that preserve surrounding areas for agriculture. All buildings were constructed with traditional, local building methods, using renewable materials from local sawmills, and are sustainable in every way - similar to the vernacular Nova Scotian farmhouses, boathouses and barns. Reflecting on MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple's design philosophy and values, the Shobac Campus and Ghost Laboratory encapsulates "listening" to the land, its history, local material culture traditions, to inform their designs and "willing" buildings that are clearly modern

Horizon, Summit Powder Mountain

, Utah
Horizon is a neighbourhood located on a mountaintop in Utah's Wasatch Range. The Summit Series project will form a community designed to unite entrepreneurs, non-profit leaders, artists, scientists, athletes and change-makers - based on the values of community, ecology, and creativity. The complex consists of twenty-six cabins, made up of four different subtypes that vary in size, to form a series of clustered community courtyards. Due to the sloping site and the climatic conditions of the region that receive a large amount of snowfall, the buildings are supported on steel stilts to touch the mountain lightly and provide structural support. The cabins are connected by exterior steel bridges, reinforcing a sense of community between the individual homes. The complex is further united through the consistency in building form and cedar material palette, drawing inspiration from the nearby traditional Eden Valley homes and reflecting from the local vernacular architecture.

Canadian Chancery and Official Residence

, Bangladesh
An embassy as an architect's commission is considered a very privileged opportunity, to not only represent the cultural values of the guest country, but to also respect the culture of the host country. Talbot Sweetapple was the project architect for this project, he states that one of their key focuses for the embassy was to incorporate Bangladeshi culture into the design. To do so, they had to understand the local culture, population, climate, materiality and context. The material palette of the building was developed in partnership with RDH Architects, which involved an elongated brick wall and folded metal cladding elements that enclosed an inner courtyard. The courtyard reflects the Islamic cultural principle of outward modesty and providing a welcoming public realm, while also takes into account security requirements and the tropical climate conditions. Making use of the local materials and resources, the Canadian Chancery strikes a balance between modernity, traditional and vernacular values - thus respecting the host Bangladeshi culture and bringing forward a multicultural representation of Canada.

Academic Resource Centre, University of Toronto

, Ontario
The Academic Resource Centre is located in the University of Toronto Scarborough Campus, established in the 1960s when Brutalist architecture was popular. The resource centre includes renovated programs and new construction, consisting of a central library, a 500-seat lecture theatre, and a small art gallery that would serve the entire university campus. The building was envisioned to become the heart of the university. Through the design process, various user groups were invited to participate and contribute to organizing the programmatic requirements. The interior space involves a series of five "boats" that are parallel and contain the essential programs. A double-height circulation corridor with clerestory windows and suspended walkways connect between the boats. Interior courtyards were introduced to break the rhythm of the parallel gridded space, while also providing a gathering place for students and staff of the university. The materiality of the resource centre includes a colonnade of concrete columns, suspended walkway system in steel, and cherry plywood that highlight ceiling features and millwork throughout the complex.

Awards

MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects have received numerous international, national and regional awards since their establishment. The following is a list of the practice's awards, most notably, the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada Gold Medal in 2015 and Firm Award in 2014, six Governor General Medals, and two American Institute of Architects National Honor Awards of Architecture.

International Awards