Malaysia Federal Route 1 (Sarawak)
The Sarawak section of the Federal Route 1, Asian Highway Route AH 150, also known as Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak or Sarawak First Trunk Road, is a 1077-km federal highway in Sarawak, Malaysia, making the highway as the longest component of the Malaysian portion of the larger Pan Borneo Highway network. Construction of the highway began in 1965 after Sarawak became a member of the federation of Malaysia in 1963.
The combined length of the Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak and its Sabahan counterpart forms the longest federal highway in Malaysia, with the total length of 1,503 km.
The Pan Borneo Highway Sarawak is notable for having three separate segments, sandwiched by two segments of Bruneian Pan-Borneo Highway. The Federal Route 1 was built in sections, comprising 92 sections altogether. Generally, all other federal and state highways in Sarawak serve as tributaries of the Federal Route 1. The highway is the only east-west oriented highway in Sarawak and links most of the division capitals in Sarawak except Kapit and Mukah. The sections from Miri to Limbang and to Lawas are connected by Brunei highway networks. At the Sarawak-Sabah border at Merapok, motorists must pass an immigration checkpoint to enter Sabah and vice versa. The highway continues as Malaysia Federal Route 1 in Sindumin.
History
The Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway was built due to the lack of the intercity highway network in Sarawak. Initially, the intercity highway plan in Sarawak only existed after the Second World War ended in 1945, after Sarawak was ceded to Britain to become a British Crown Colony.The construction of the first intercity trunk highway in Sarawak was commenced in 1965, dubbed as the "First Trunk Road". Most of the highway network in Sarawak was constructed within the decades of 1960s to 1980s. The Lawas–Merapok–Sindumin section was completed in 1981 while the final missing link from Sibu to Bintulu was completed in 1985. However, the highway had not been fully paved with asphalt yet at that time; it was only by the end of Sixth Malaysia Plan in 1995 that the FT1 highway in Sarawak was fully paved.
Before 1996, all routes in the Pan-Borneo Highway network in Malaysia, including Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway, were state highways. After the Federal Roads Act 1959 was made effective in Sabah and Sarawak in 1984, those highways were re-gazetted as federal highways in 1996 with the route number of FT1, FT13 and FT22. Those highways were later gazetted as a part of Asian Highway Network Route AH150.
Although some sections had been upgraded to divided highways, the Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway was notorious for its poor condition in many sections. The overall condition in many sections of the Malaysian section of the Highway was poor with many potholes, because most sections of the highway were built with standards as low as JKR R3. A study to upgrade the entire highway to a super two highway under JKR R5 standard was done, which was expected to cost RM16 billion. Ultimately, the Malaysian federal government had opted to upgrade the Pan-Borneo Highway to a divided highway. The upgrade works of the Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway to a divided highway is expected to be completed by 2023, with the overall cost of RM27 billion including its Sabahan counterparts.
Sections of the Federal Route 1 in Sarawak
There are 93 sections that form the entire Federal Route 1 in Sarawak:-| Highway shield | Name | From – To | Name of Road | Division |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 | Telok Melano – Sematan | Jalan Sematan–Telok Melano | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 1 | Sematan – Perigi Junction | Jalan Lundu–Sematan | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 2 | Perigi Junction - Biawak Junction | Jalan Lundu–Sematan | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 3 | Biawak Junction - Batang Kayan | Jalan Lundu–Sematan | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 4 | Batang Kayan - Selampit Junction | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 5 | Selampit Junction - Bokah Junction | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 6 | Bokah Junction - Sg. Topah | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 7 | Sg. Topah - Bau / Tondong Junction | Jalan Bau–Lundu | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 8 | Bau / Tondong Junction - Kampung Pinang Junction | Jalan Batu Kawa–Tondong | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 9 | Kampung Pinang Junction - Sg. Sarawak | Jalan Batu Kawa–Tondong | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 10 | Batang Sarawak - Mile 3 Roundabout | Jalan Batu Kawa | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 11A | Mile 3 Roundabout - Jtn. Jalan Datuk Bandar Mustapha | Jalan Datuk Tawi Sli | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 11B1 | Mile 3 Roundabout - JKR Depot | Jalan Datuk Amar Kalong Ningkan | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 11B2 | JKR Depot - Mile 3 Roundabout | Jalan Datuk Amar Kalong Ningkan | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 12A | Mile 6 Roundabout - M 10 K/S Road | Jalan Penrissen | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 12B | M 10 K/S Road - Mile 6 Roundabout | Jalan Penrissen | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 13 | Mile 10 - Sg. Du'uh | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 14 | Sg. Du'uh - Kuching / Samarahan Boundary | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Kuching | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 15 | Kuching / Samarahan Boundary - Sg. Mamat | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 16 | Sg. Mamat - Serian Roundabout | Jalan Kuching–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 17A | Serian Roundabout - Sg. Sadong Bridge | Jalan Serian Bypass | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 17B | Sg. Sadong Bridge - Gedong Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 18 | Gedong Junction - Kampung Limau Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 19 | Kampung Limau Junction - Sg. Karang | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 20 | Sg. Karang - Sg. Stabau | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 21 | Sg. Stabau - Samarahan/ Sri Aman Boundary | Jalan Sri Aman–Serian | Samarahan | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 22 | Samarahan / Sri Aman Boundary - Pantu Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 23 | Pantu Junction - Lachau Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 24 | Lachau Junction - Sg. Engkramut | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 25 | Sg. Engkramut - Sri Aman Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 26 | Sri Aman Junction - Batu Lintang Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 27 | Batu Lintang Junction - Engkilili Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 28 | Engkilili Junction - Lubok Antu Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 29 | Lubok Antu - Batang Skrang | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 30 | Batang Skrang - Betong Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Sri Aman | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 31 | Betong Junction - Batang Layar | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Batang Layar - Sg. Paku | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Paku - Sg. Rimbas | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Rimbas - Pusa Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Pusa Junction - Sg. Krian | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Krian - Saratok Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Saratok Junction - Roban Junction | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Roban Junction - Sri Aman / Sarikei Boundary | Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei | Betong | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sri Aman / Sarikei Boundary - Bayong Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Bayong Junction - Sarikei Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sarikei Junction - Sg. Nyelong | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Nyelong - Bintangor Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Bintangor Junction - Sg. Mador | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Mador - Sg. Jikang | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Jikang - Kanowit Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sarikei | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Kanowit Junction - Durin Ferry Point | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Durin Ferry Point - Sibu Junction | Jalan Sibu–Sarikei | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sibu Junction - Sg. Pasai | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Pasai - Btg. Oya | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Btg. Oya - Bukit Singalang | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Bukit Singalang - Btg. Mukah | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Btg. Mukah - Sg. Buluh | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Buluh - Btg. Balingian | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Btg. Balingian - Kemena Junction | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Kemena Junction - Sg. Arip Bridge End | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Sibu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Arip - Sibu / Bintulu Boundary | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sibu / Bintulu Boundary - Batang Tatau | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Batang Tatau - Sg. Semanok | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Semanok - Sg. Selad | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Selad - Batang Kemena | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Batang Kemena - Bintulu Junction | Jalan Sibu–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Bintulu Junction - Sg. Sibiu No.2 | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Nyabau Jnt. - Bintulu Jnt. | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Sibiu No.2 - Sg. Sibiu No.3 | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Sibiu No.3 - Mile 22 Quarry Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Mile 22 Quarry junction - Sg. Similajau | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Similajau - Rumah Lankan | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Rumah Lankan - Bintulu / Miri Boundary | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Bintulu / Miri Boundary - Sg. Suai | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Bintulu | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Suai - Telabit Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Telabit Junction - Niah Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Niah junction - Subis 2 Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Subis 2 Junction - Karabungan Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Karabungan Junction - Sg. Bakas | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Bakas - Bekenu Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Bekenu Junction - Entulang Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Entulang Junction - Sg. Liku | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Liku - Sg. Rait Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Rait Junction - Miri Airport Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Miri Airport Junction - Puchong Roundabout | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Puchong Roundabout - Miri Airport Junction | Jalan Miri–Bintulu | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Puchong Roundabout - Sg. Lutong | Jalan Miri–Lutong | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Miri - Puchong Roundabout | Jalan Miri–Lutong | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 81 | Sg. Lutong - Kuala Baram Ferry Point | Jalan Lutong–Kuala Baram | Miri | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 82 | Kuala Baram Ferry Point - Sg. Tujuh Checkpoint - Sg. Limbang | Jalan Tedungan-Limbang | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Sg. Limbang Bridge - Ng. Medamit / Batu Danau Junction | Jalan Tedungan-Limbang | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Ng. Medamit/Batu Danau Jnt.-Kubong/Ng. Medamit Jnt. | Jalan Tedungan-Limbang | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Kubong Junction - Limbang Town | Jalan Limbang | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Limbang Town - Pandaruan Checkpoint, Limbang | Jalan Limbang | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 01-10 | Mengkalap Checkpoint, Lawas - Sg. Trusan | Jalan Lawas | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 89 | Sg. Trusan - Lawas Town | Jalan Lawas | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 90 | Lawas Town - Batang Lawas | Jalan Lawas | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 91 | Batang Lawas - Sg. Malagang | Jalan Lawas | Limbang | |
| Malaysia Federal Route 1 Section 92 | Sg. Malagang - Lawas/Sabah Border | Jalan Lawas | Limbang |