Malik ibn Tawk


Malik ibn Tawk ibn Malik ibn 'Attab at-Taghlibi was an Abbasid official during the reigns of caliphs al-Wathiq and al-Mutawakkil. He is best known as the founder of the fortress town of al-Rahba on the western banks of the Euphrates, part of the modern-day Syrian town of Mayadin.

Biography

Malik ibn Tawk belonged to the Arab tribe of Banu Taghlib and traced his lineage to the 6th-century Taghlibi poet warrior Amr ibn Kulthum. His father, Tawk ibn Malik, served as governor of Diyar Rabi'a, the province of eastern Upper Mesopotamia under the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun. He also served as a general under al-Ma'mun's predecessor, Caliph Harun al-Rashid, Some Muslim sources have often incorrectly made the son Malik ibn Tawk to have been the one in the service of Harun and al-Ma'mun instead of his father. Malik ibn Tawk served under the caliphs al-Wathiq and al-Mutawakkil as the governor of Jund al-Urdunn and Jund Dimashq.
Sometime in the latter half of the 9th century, Malik convinced his kinsman, Sahl ibn Bishr, a great-grandson of the 7th-century Taghlibi poet al-Akhtal, to convert to Islam from Christianity along with the other direct descendants of al-Akhtal. Malik founded the Euphrates Valley fortress of al-Rahba and became its lord. The fortress town was since alternatively known as "Rahbat Malik ibn Tawk". He died in 873. His son Ahmad succeeded him as the lord of al-Rahba, but was forced out of the town in 883 by the lord of al-Anbar, Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj.
The al-Rahabi clan of the Euphrates basin, claims descent from Malik ibn Tawk.