Manifesto
A manifesto is a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government. A manifesto usually accepts a previously published opinion or public consensus or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is political or artistic in nature, but may present an individual's life stance. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds.
Etymology
It is derived from the Italian word manifesto, itself derived from the Latin manifestum, meaning clear or conspicuous. Its first recorded use in English is from 1620, in Nathaniel Brent's translation of Paolo Sarpi's History of the Council of Trent: "To this citation he made answer by a Manifesto". Similarly, "They were so farre surprised with his Manifesto, that they would never suffer it to be published''".Notable manifestos
Political
Examples of notable manifestos:- The Baghdad Manifesto
- The Act of Abjuration
- The United States Declaration of Independence
- The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen during the French Revolution
- The Haitian Declaration of Independence after the Haitian Revolution
- The Cartagena Manifesto, by Simón Bolívar
- The Tamworth Manifesto issued in 1834 by Sir Robert Peel
- The Declaration of Sentiments
- The Communist Manifesto, by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
- The Anarchist Manifesto, by Anselme Bellegarrigue
- The 1890 Manifesto dealing with plural marriage, issued by Wilford Woodruff as president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- The Second Manifesto dealing with plural marriage, issued by Joseph F. Smith as president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- The October Manifesto issued by Nicholas II, in an effort to cease the 1905 Russian Revolution
- The Manifesto of the Sixteen
- The Urmia Manifesto of the United Free Assyria, by Dr. Freydun Atturaya
- The Liminar Manifesto in the Argentine University Revolution
- The Amasya Circular
- The Fascist Manifesto, by Alceste De Ambris and Filippo Marinetti
- The Manifesto of the Anti-Fascist Intellectuals, by Benedetto Croce
- Mein Kampf , by Adolf Hitler
- The Cannibal Manifesto, by Oswald de Andrade
- The Regina Manifesto, by the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
- The Humanist Manifesto I, II and III
- The Ventotene Manifesto, by Altiero Spinelli and Ernesto Rossi encouraged a federation of European states, which was meant to keep the countries of Europe close, thus preventing war, it is widely seen as the birth of European federalism.
- The PKWN manifesto, by Polish Committee of National Liberation
- The Oxford Manifesto describing the basic principles of Liberal International
- The Objectives Resolution of Pakistan, by Liaquat Ali Khan
- "The Christian Manifesto", condemning Protestant missions in China and pledging allegiance to the People's Republic
- The Russell-Einstein Manifesto, against nuclear weapons and war
- The Southern Manifesto, opposing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education
- Report on the Construction of Situations, by Guy Debord
- The Manifesto of the 121 against the Algerian War
- The Sharon Statement, by M. Stanton Evans et al.
- The Port Huron Statement, by Tom Hayden et al.
- The SCUM Manifesto, by Valerie Solanas
- The Black Manifesto, by the Black Economic Development Council, including James Forman
- The Manifesto of the 343, by Simone de Beauvoir in which 343 French women admitted to having a abortion
- For a New Liberty: The Libertarian Manifesto, by Murray Rothbard
- The Green Book, by Muammar Gaddafi
- New Libertarian Manifesto, by Samuel Edward Konkin III
- Guy Verhofstadt's Burgermanifests: I ; II ; III ; IV
- The New Hope for Britain, better known as "The longest suicide note in history", by the UK Labour Party
- A Cyborg Manifesto, by Donna Haraway
- The Contract with America, by the Republican candidates for the House of Representatives
- Industrial Society and Its Future, by Ted Kaczynski, also known as the Unabomber
- by David Duke
- De puinhopen van acht jaar Paars, by Pim Fortuyn
- The Companion Species Manifesto, by Donna Haraway
- Manifesto on Freedom and Democracy for Vietnam by Bloc 8406
- The Euston Manifesto by Euston Manifesto Group
- ' by Mark Levin
- The by Ron Paul
- Mount Vernon Statement,
- ' by Anders Behring Breivik
- by Tavis Smiley and Cornel West
- My Sick Twisted World: The Story of Elliot Rodger by Elliot Rodger
- The Leap Manifesto by a "broad coalition of Canadian authors, artists, national leaders and activists"
- The Last Rhodesian by Dylann Roof
- The Great Replacement by Brenton Harrison Tarrant
Artistic
- The Symbolist Manifesto, by Jean Moreas
- The Futurist Manifesto, by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
- Du "Cubisme", by Albert Gleizes and Jean Metzinger
- The Art of Noises, by Luigi Russolo
- The Futurist Architecture Manifesto, by Antonio Sant'Elia
- BLAST the Vorticist manifesto, by Wyndham Lewis
- Feminist Manifesto, by Mina Loy
- The , by Almada Negreiros
- The Dada Manifesto, by Tristan Tzara
- The Dada Manifesto, by Hugo Ball
- The Surrealist Manifesto, by André Breton
- The Suprematist Manifesto, by Kazimir Malevich
- The Theatre of Cruelty, First Manifesto by Antonin Artaud
- The Free Cinema Manifesto by Lindsay Anderson Karel Reisz Tony Richardson Lorenza Mazzetti
- The Abomunist Manifesto by Bob Kaufman
- The Oulipo Manifesto, by François Le Lionnais
- Fluxus manifesto by George Maciunas
- "The Revolutionary Theatre" by Amiri Baraka
- The Romantic Manifesto by Ayn Rand
- On the Art of the Cinema by Kim Jong-il
- Smell Manifesto: The Thrill of Working with Odours by Guy Bleus
- Manifesto of Poetic Eggs, in "Empire of Dreams," by Giannina Braschi
- Dogma 95 by Lars von Trier, Thomas Vinterberg, Kristian Levring and Søren Kragh-Jacobsen
- Manifesto of Transdisciplinarity by Basarab Nicolescu
- Minnesota declaration: truth and fact in documentary cinema, by Werner Herzog
- First Things First 2000 manifesto: Ethics and social responsibility in graphic design, by Kalle Lasn & Chris Dixon with Ken Garland. Edited by Rick Poynor
- The Versatilist manifesto, by Denis Mandarino
- "Political Erotical Mystical Manifesto''", by Kendell Geers
- Ahuman Manifesto: Activism for the End of the Anthropocene by Patricia McCormack
Scientific and educational
- , University of Edinburgh
- The Behaviorist Manifesto issued by John B. Watson in opposition to the introspection method in psychology
- ' written by Vine Deloria, Jr.
- The UNESCO Public Library Manifesto
- The ' written by Action for ESOL in opposition to cuts in funding for English language education for migrants to the UK.
- The History Manifesto written by Jo Guldi and David Armitage, published by Cambridge University Press
Professional
- First Things First 1964 Manifesto Visual Communication and Design First Things First 1964 Manifesto By Ken Garland
- First Things First 2000 Manifesto Visual Communication and Design First Things First 2000 Manifesto
Technology
- The GNU Manifesto, by Richard Stallman, an explanation and definition of the goals of the GNU Project
- The Hacker's Manifesto, by The Mentor aka Loyd Blankenship
- The Debian Manifesto, by Ian Murdock
- A Cypherpunk's Manifesto by Eric Hughes
- , otherwise known as the Unabomber Manifesto, by Ted Kaczynski
- The Third Manifesto, by Christopher J. Date and Hugh Darwen, a proposal for relational database management system
- The Cluetrain Manifesto by Rick Levine, Christopher Locke, Doc Searls and David Weinberger
- The Agile Manifesto
- Pluginmanifesto by Ana Kronschnabl, a Web film statement
- The Hacktivismo Declaration by Oxblood Ruffin
- The dotCommunist Manifesto, by Eben Moglen
- The Mozilla Manifesto, by Mozilla community
- The Guerilla Open Access Manifesto by Aaron Swartz
- Principles of Programming Languages, by Robert Harper
- You Are Not A Gadget: A Manifesto, by Jaron Lanier
- The Hardware Hacker Manifesto, by Cody Brocious
- The Reactive Manifesto, by Jonas Bonér, Dave Farley, Roland Kuhn, and Martin Thompson
- The BINC Manifesto, by Lene Andersen and Steen Rasmussen