Sörensen began playing hockey in Tälje IK before he was acquired by Södertälje SK's youth organization, where he began playing junior hockey. His play attracted the attention of North American pro hockey scouts. Sörensen was drafted in the fourth round of the 2010 NHL Entry Draft by Ottawa Senators, 106th overall. Sörensen moved to Djurgårdens IF for the 2010–11 season, to play in Djurgården's J20-team. Sörensen made his Elitserien debut on 7 December 2010 against Luleå HF, when several regular players were suffering from illness and injuries. He also scored his first Elitserien goal when he shot the puck via Luleå defenceman Janne Niinimaa's stick into the goal. After the 2010–11 season, Sörensen signed a two-year contract with Skellefteå AIK. Sörensen played the majority of the 2011–12 season with Borås HC in the Swedish tier two league HockeyAllsvenskan, on loan. The Ottawa Senators did not sign Sörensen by 1 June 2012 deadline, leaving him free to sign with any NHL team in the future. Sörensen returned to Djurgårdens IF for the 2012–13 season in early May 2012, signing a one-year contract. The 2012–13 season ended with a failed Swedish Hockey League qualification for Djurgården, despite Sörensen's 10 goals and 23 points during the regular season. Sörensen extended his contract with Djurgårdens IF for two years in February 2013. The 2014 Kvalserien ended with the promotion of Djurgården to the 2014–15 season. Sörensen played a major role in the promotion, scoring 4 goals and 12 points in the Kvalserien which made him the scoring leader for Djurgården. He extended his contract yet again in September 2014, enabling him to play in Djurgården until the end of the 2017–18 season. During the 2014–15 season, Sörensen recorded 17 goals and 15 assists in 50 games and after the end of the season he was awarded with the SHL Rookie of the Year award. In 2015–16, he made 47 appearances in the SHL regular season, scoring 15 goals and 19 assists to go along with one goal and five assists in playoff play. On 13 May 2016, Sörensen was signed by the NHL's San Jose Sharks to an entry-level contract. As a result, Sörensen moved to North America for the 2016–17 season, beginning the season with the San Jose Barracuda, the Sharks' American Hockey League affiliate. After registering 27 points and a +15 plus-minus rating in 39 games with the Barracuda, Sörensen was recalled by the Sharks for the first time in his career on 6 February 2017. He recorded his first NHL point with the primary assist on a Melker Karlsson goal in the second period of his first NHL game the next night, a 5–4 overtime loss to the Buffalo Sabres. On 2 March, in a game against the Vancouver Canucks, he scored his first NHL goal. On 18 April, in San Jose's first-round series against the Edmonton Oilers in the 2017 playoffs, he scored his first Stanley Cup playoff goal. On 18 July 2017, Sörensen signed a two-year contract extension with the Sharks. On 15 January 2019, Sörensen signed another two-year contract extension.
International play
Sörensen earned selection with his first senior international caps with Sweden in 2015.
