Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)


The Marxist-Leninist Communist Party is an underground Hoxhaist communist party in Turkey. It was founded in 1994, and has been involved in the Rojava conflict since 2012.

History

MLKP was formed in September 1994, through the unification of Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi and Communist Workers Movement of Turkey. TKP/ML-Hareketi was the larger of the two. Both groups came from the pro-Albanian camp. The unity process of negotiations between the groups had started in 1989. Initially MLKP called itself MLKP-Kuruluş.
In September 1995, at the first congress of MLKP-K, the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist merged into the party, and the name was changed to MLKP. Later the same year a split occurred, and the Communist Party - Build-up Organization was formed.
As of 2007, the organisation was listed among the 12 active terrorist organisation in Turkey according to Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of General Directorate of Security.

Links with Ergenekon

During the Ergenekon investigation, it was revealed that Ergenekon planned to take over the MLKP, as-well as the PKK, and that was successful to a certain extent. According to the prosecutors' claim, the MLKP is in cooperation with the Ergenekon organisation. According to the indictment, the MLKP has committed some of Ergenekon's murders. The most important of these is Gazi Mahallesi events. According to the prosecutors' claim, MLKP organised the massacre in Gazi District during the Gazi Quarter riots in 1995 and the bloody events that followed.

Organisation

The youth wing of MLKP is called the Communist Youth Organization.
MLKP maintains an armed wing named Armed Forces of the Poor and the Oppressed. The group had international exposure at the Hilton Istanbul Bosphorus bombing prior to 2004 Istanbul summit where four people were killed. In April 2015, it was announced that MLKP founded a permanent military training centre in PKK-controlled areas of the Iraqi Kurdistan. In July 2015, they attempted bomb attack on Star Media Group.
The organisation has had three periodicals: Atılım , a daily news bulletin, Partinin Sesi, an institutional publication and Teoride Doğrultu. The 26th and last issue of Teoride Doğrultu was published in 2006.

Human Resources

A study carried out by the Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of General Directorate of Security over a sample of files about people convicted of being a terrorist under Turkish laws including 826 militants from the organisation and the three other currently active left-wing organisations 65% of the members are aged 14 to 25, 16.8% 25 to 30 and 17.5% are older than 30. University graduates make up 20.4% of the members, high school graduates 33.5%, secondary school graduates 14%, primary school graduates 29.9% and illiterates 1.9%.

Involvement in Syrian Civil War

MLKP has reportedly been sending volunteers to Syria to fight with the PYD's People's Protection Units of Rojava since 2012. At least four of these fighters have been killed in battle as of February 2015—one during the Battle of Ras al-Ayn, and three during the Siege of Kobanî. MLKP has also declared its intention to form a leftist international brigade within the YPG, modeled after the famous International Brigades who fought on the side of the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War. The party released a video in late January 2015 purporting to show several Spanish- and German-speaking communist volunteers from Europe among its ranks in Jazira Canton. In March 2015, Ivana Hoffmann, a MLKP member and German national and daughter of a German mother and a Togolese father, was reported to be killed in clashes with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
The MLKP has set up a political branch in PYD-governed territories as well, known as MLKP.
MLKP fighters have also joined Kurdistan Workers' Party formations fighting in northern Iraq in defence of the Yezidi minority of Sinjar.