Matador Automatic Radar Control was a command guidance system for the Martin MGM-1 Matadorground launched cruise missile that used combination radar/computer/communication centrals for ground-directed bombing. As for the earlier ground central used with the X-10 aircraft,* MARC had an "Air Link" from the ground for control and an airborne AN/APW-11A radar transponder on the missile for ranging. A series of "MSQ sites". each with a mobile AN/MSQ-1A central in 3 vans had an :Category:United States automatic tracking radar stations|automatic tracking radar to geolocate the Matador up to ~. MARC provided command guidance during the "mid-course phase" after Matador/MARC contact was established following the missile launch off the Zero Length Launcher and until an MSQ transmitted the dive command to start the flight path toward the target. Originating in the Caltech/Martin "ZEL Project" and developed as part of weapon system "Project MX 771" at the "Air Force Missile Test Center, Cocoa, Florida"; MARC had accuracy at "crossover into enemy territory" of ~ and—at an AN/MSQ-1A range of —a CEP of.
Description
The AN/MSQ-1A developed by the Reeves Instrument Corp. Missile was by the Glenn L. Martin Company, but was the MSQ-1A by the Reeves Instrument Corporation. Company included the automatic tracking radar and an alternating current analog OA 626 plotting computer & board vice the DC computer of the preceding AN/MSQ-1 Close Support Control Set with MPS-9 & OA-132 manufactured for Korean War bombing The AN/MPS-19 was a variant of the radar used in the Western Electric M-33 Antiaircraft Fire Control System that achieved a longer MARC range via circuitry for receiving the beacon return from an airborne transponder. Instead of, or in addition to, Matador Automatic Radar Control, the last Matador variant added SHANICLE passive radio guidance.
Mid-course guidance
MARC guided the Matador to the dive point by a directional control signal to the Matador "spoilers" for momentarily deflecting wing airflow to slightly redirect the course of the missile. The OA-626 computed both the missile's course and the direction of the desired destination from the missile position, and the MARC repeated spoiler signals to reduce the difference. For MARC-commanded dives, an initial point was used as a preliminary destination to ensure the Matador subsequently had the necessary general direction of flight for the dive toward the target. During the final cruise prior to the dive, MARC continually predicted the dive point based on any variations of missile velocity measured by the MPS-19—as well as the corresponding nominal time and displacement expected during the upcoming dive When the Matador was acceptably near the "point predicted by the MARC", the dump command was initiated and the missile was self-controlled during the "semi-ballistic transonic dive" with zero lift to the detonation point near the target. A similar Vietnam War successor that instead predicted a bomb release point by computing a free-fall bomb trajectory was the 1965 Reeves AN/MSQ-77 Bomb Directing Central and its variants.
The TAC Control Squadron crews were repeatedly exercised by "Quick Reaction Alert" using T-33 manned aircraft to simulate the planned Matador flight paths, and the T-33 became evident during the exercise when the radar operator observed the aircraft transponder returning "two blips on the same Scan" instead of 1 as with an actual Matador in flight. During "Annual Missile Launch Operations", Matador units from Germany at Wheelus Air Base in Libya conducted test firings until after the phase-out of the Matador began in 1959
