The village was given to Amraji Bapji in 1471 A.D.by King Rao Jodha, the founder of the Kingdom of Jodhpur and Marwar, as a reward for Amaraji Charan's service and loyalty. The tamrapatra, a scripted copper plate mentioning this deed, is still preserved and worshiped as a blessing along with Karni Mata's charan paduka, by the descendants of Amaraji Charan and others at Karani Mataji's Temple.
Asia's largest solar hybrid power project was proposed roughly 20 years ago near Mathania, but it is still awaiting approval. Designed as a unique project to demonstrate the technical and commercial viability of solar technology, it would have been one of the first of its kind in the world. The planned 140-megawatt power plant, situated roughly 30 kilometers from Jodhpur, would be owned by the Rajasthan State Power Corporation Limited.
Economics
In Mathania, a rising number of villagers find work in the public sector while a majority of residents earn a living through agriculture and construction. Mathania is notable for its red chili and onion harvests. However, due to the decline in groundwater levels, the planting of chili peppers is avoided by farmers who prefer more lucrative crop yields. Historically, Mathania was distinguished for the industrial production of mulmul, a type of cloth, but the textile factory was closed and is no longer functional. Mathania falls within the Rajasthan State Industrial Area, where many other factories are functioning. The village has seven banks: Central Bank of India, UCO Bank and State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur.
Transportation
Mathania is connected to the city of Jodhpur via the Jodhpur-Phalodi state highway and other public transportation services, such as the train service constructed during British rule. Jodhpur Junction railway station is 38 km to the south and Osiyan Railway Station serves the area north of Marwar Mathania. Train connections include: the Delhi Sarai Rohilla-Jaisalmer Express; Jodhpur-Jaisalmer Express and Jodhpur-Jaisalmer Passenger. Mathania is 38 km away from Jodhpur Airport. The bus stand offers frequent buses and private jeeps are available for rent.
Infrastructure
The village is divided into several neighborhoods: Chopasani Charanan; Tinwari; Ummed nagar; Rampura; Kotra; Rajasthani; Bhaiser and Jud. The village has several government offices, such as: a gram panchayat; a patwar bhawan; a post office; a police station; an electric board and the BSNL telephone exchange. Mathania also has a hospital, the 'Government General Hospital' and a clinic, the 'Government Ayurveda Clinic'.
Schools
Mathania has several schools, including the Senior Higher Secondary School, Girls Sr. Secondary School, Government Boys and Girls Middle Schools, Param Tejasvi Maharana Pratap School, Mahadev Adarsh Vidhya Mandir Mathania School, Mangal Public School and Baba Ramdev School Rajasthani. The Senior Higher Secondary School is affiliated with the Rajasthan Education Board and has a large campus. The school offers two main streams of education; arts, and sciences. The school has its own computer laboratory.
