Matsuki Miyazaki was a Japanese medical doctor, the director of the Kyushu Sanatorium in Kumamoto, Japan. He studied war and leprosy and found that stress was a great factor in the development of leprosy. He later established a leprosy center belonging to Japan Leprosy Mission of Asia, in India. He died in the Japan Airlines Flight 471 airplane accident in 1972.
He had been the director for difficult years between 1934 and 1958, since there were great and constant changes in the treatment and life of leprosy patients in the sanatorium. He invited a branch of the NationalHansen's DiseaseResearch Institute to his sanatorium, and activated research works for many medical doctors. Concerning the segregation policy, he testified before the Upper House that all patients be hospitalized, and during the history of the Kikuchi Keifuen, the hospitalized patients became the maximum number at his resignation. He has been criticized for his stubborn segregation policy.
Japan Leprosy Mission of Asia in India (Jalma Center)
In 1959, he traveled to India to study the leprosy situation there. In 1964, he established a leprosy center of Japan Leprosy Mission of Asia, in Agra, India and assumed the post of the first director. It was established for the purpose of cooperative basic research of leprosy among Asian nations. Following his death in 1972, Mitsugu Nishiura served as the second director of the Center. In 1976, this center was transferred to the Indian Government.
His Studies on War and Leprosy
He made intensive studies on war and leprosy. In 1937, he demanded the Army and Navy authorities that those who developed leprosy during service should receive increased pension. It was realized in 1940. He read an invited paper in 1947 at a Japanese leprosy congress, and published it. Studying patients with leprosy in his sanatorium who had developed while serving for the Army and Navy of Japan; he discussed various factors such as the kinds of stress, the duration of the draft and the development of symptoms, and concluded that one of the incentives was enormous stress.
For the children born of patients, there was a small facility called Tatsudaryo, and he endeavoured so that the pupils would attend a normal primary school. Because of leprosy stigma, social disturbances including strikes of schooling occurred. Although he worked in order to reduce leprosy stigma, this incident reminded people that leprosy stigma was still deep-rooted at that time.
