Mauve is a pale purple color named after the mallow flower. The first use of the wordmauve as a color was in 1796–98 according to the Oxford English Dictionary, but its use seems to have been rare before 1859. Another name for the color is mallow, with the first recorded use of mallow as a color name in English in 1611. Mauve contains more gray and more blue than a pale tint of magenta. Many pale wildflowers called "blue" are actually mauve. Mauve is also sometimes described as pale violet.
The synthetic dyemauve was first so named in 1859. Chemist William Henry Perkin, then eighteen, was attempting in 1856 to synthesize quinine, which was used to treat malaria. An unexpected residue caught his eye, which turned out to be the first aniline dye. Perkin originally named the dye Tyrian purple after the historical dye, but the product was renamed mauve after it was marketed in 1859. It is now usually called Perkin's mauve, mauveine, or aniline purple. Earlier references to a mauve dye in 1856–1858 referred to a color produced using the semi-synthetic dye murexide or a mixture of natural dyes. Perkin was so successful in marketing his discovery to the dye industry that his biography by Simon Garfield is simply entitledMauve. Between 1859 and 1861, mauve became a fashion must have. The weekly journal All the Year Round described women wearing the colour as "all flying countryward, like so many migrating birds of purple paradise". Punch magazine published cartoons poking fun at the huge popularity of the colour “The Mauve Measles are spreading to so serious an extent that it is high time to consider by what means may be checked.” However, as it faded easily, the success of mauve dye was short-lived and it was replaced by other synthetic dyes by 1873. As the memory of the original dye soon receded, the contemporary understanding of mauve is as a lighter, less-saturated color than it was originally known. The 1890s are sometimes referred to in retrospect as the "Mauve Decade" because of the characteristic popularity of the subtle color among progressive artistic types, both in Europe and the US.
Variations
Rich mauve
The color displayed at right is the rich tone of mauve called mauve by Crayola.
French mauve (deep mauve)
The color displayed at right is the deep tone of mauve that is called mauve by , a color list widely popular in France.
Opera mauve
The color displayed at right is opera mauve. The first recorded use of opera mauve as a color name in English was in 1927.
Mauve taupe
The color displayed at right is mauve taupe. The first recorded use of mauve taupe as a color name in English was in 1925.
Old mauve
The color displayed at right is old mauve. The first recorded use of old mauve as a color name in English was in 1925.
