Menashi–Kunashir rebellion
The Menashi-Kunashir rebellion or war or Menashi-Kunashir battle was a battle in 1789 between Ainu and Wajin on the Shiretoko Peninsula in northeastern Hokkaido. It began in May 1789 when Ainu attacked Wajin on Kunashir Island and parts of the Menashi District as well as at sea. More than 70 Wajin were killed. The Wajin executed 37 Ainu identified as conspirators and arrested many others. Reasons for the revolt are not entirely clear, but they are believed to include a suspicion of poisoned sake being given to Ainu in a loyalty ceremony, and other objectionable behavior by Wajin traders.
The battle is the subject of Majin no Umi, a children's novel by Maekawa Yasuo that received the Japanese Association of Writers for Children Prize in 1970.
A similar large-scale Ainu revolt against Wajin influence in Yezo was Shakushain's Revolt from c. 1669–1672.
