Rhodes signed up for the Golden Lions along with Sharks teammate Pat Cilliers at the end of the 2010 season. Rhodes featured occasionally for the Super Rugby side this season but spent much of the season turning out for the provincial side. Rhodes went on to win his third Currie Cup, playing for the provincial Golden Lions.
He joined the for the 2013 Super Rugby season. In September 2013 Rhodes received a red card for a stamp on Blue Bulls captain Jono Ross. Coincidently it was the second time that weekend a player had been expelled for stamping with Nick Wood also being sent off. Citing lack of intent in the action the disciplinary pannel only suspended Rhodes for a match. Two years earlier Rhodes had faced harsher discipline after he put Siale Piutau in a headlock and the latter responded with multiple punches. Neither player was disciplined during the game but the panel suspended both for six weeks for their actions. Rhodes helped the provincial Western Province to their 2014 Currie Cup win, to win the trophy for the fourth time. After a stellar year, Rhodes was voted most promising forward at the annual Western Province Awards in 2014. Rhodes played regularly for Stormers during the 2015 season, helping them finish top of the South African Conference. Rhodes started at 6 as Stormers lost to Brumbies in the qualifiers for the 2015 Super Rugby finals.
Saracens
Michael Rhodes joined Saracens from for the 2015–16. Rhodes quickly became established as Saracens' first choice 6 and a fan favourite and went on to help Saracens win the double of the Aviva Premiership and the European Champions Cupfor the first time in Saracens' history. Rhodes featured in 27 games in the 2015–2016 season including Champions Cup and Premiership finals and scored tries against Sale Sharks and in the Champions Cup Semi-final against Wasps. Rhodes was rewarded with his impressive debut season by being offered a contract extension to keep him at the club until 2019. Rhodes was once again an integral part of the Saracens side that went on to win the 2016–17 European Rugby Champions Cup, and started in the final. Rhodes also started in the 2016–17 Premiership semi-final loss to Exeter Chiefs. Rhodes came off in the semi-final for what would be a long-term shoulder injury. Rhodes was awarded for his hard work and ruthlessness this season by being voted as the Saracens' Players' Player of the Year and being shortlisted for the PremiershipPlayer of the Season. Rhodes recovered from his shoulder injury in time to start the 2017–18 Premiership Rugby season. Rhodes was however plagued with injuries during this season, with recurring issues with his shoulder following surgery. He came off the bench in both the semi-final and final of the Premiership for Nick Isiekwe. His Saracens side went on to beat Exeter Chiefs for Rhodes to win his second Premiership trophy. During the 2018–19 Premiership season Rhodes reclaimed his place in the number 6 shirt and was as industrious as ever. On 13 March 2019, Rhodes received a three game ban for dangerous play on Miles Reid during Saracens' 18-9 loss to Bath Rugby. Rhodes returned to the side and was key to the Saracens path to the 2018–19 European Rugby Champions Cup final, including scoring a try in the semi-final win over Munster Rugby. Rhodes was ruled out of the final due to back spasms, but Saracens still went on to win their third Champions Cup in four years. Rhodes returned to the side on the bench for Premiership semi-final at home to Gloucester and the final against Exeter Chiefs, which Saracens went on to win 37-34.
Rhodes was a part of the Barbarians side to face Leicester Tigers for their 125th Anniversary on 4 November 2014. Rhodes started at 6 and scored a try in the 26–59 thumping of the Tigers.