Mid-Continental Canadian forests


The Mid-Continental Canadian forests are a taiga ecoregion of northern Canada.

Setting

This ecoregion extends from south of the Great Slave Lake in the Northwest Territories through most of northeastern Alberta, central Saskatchewan and parts of west-central Manitoba and consists of three main areas: the Slave River basin in northeastern Alberta, the lowlands of the northern Manitoba plain, and the uplands south of the Canadian Shield from north-central Alberta to southwestern Manitoba. This is a mixed area of lowlands and mountains up to 800m high, including areas of wetland and peat bog and mountain lakes and ponds. The area has a subhumid mid-boreal ecoclimate with short summers and long, cold winters and patches of permafrost in the lowlands.

Flora

These forests, like so much of Canada at this latitude, are a mixture of conifers and deciduous trees including quaking aspen, balsam poplar, white spruce, black spruce and balsam fir.

Fauna

Wildlife of the area includes moose, American black bear, wolf, Canada lynx, white-tailed deer, elk, North American beaver, muskrat, snowshoe hare. The plain to the south of the lake is home to moose, coyote, and eastern cottontail as well. Wood Buffalo National Park on the Slave River is the largest national park in Canada and home to the world's largest herd of American bison.
Birds include ducks, geese, American white pelican, sandhill crane, ruffed grouse and common loon The wetlands of the region, such as Cumberland Lake, are an important refuge for migratory birds and include the most important breeding populations of the endangered whooping crane in North America.

Threats and preservation

Half of the natural forest remains intact, the other half having been removed by extensive logging, oil and gas exploration and mining. Blocks of intact forest include Wood Buffalo Park, the areas around Cold Lake/Primrose Lake and Doré Lake, Prince Albert National Park, to the north of Cumberland Lake, Riding Mountain National Park, Porcupine Hills, Duck Mountain Provincial Park, Duck Mountain Provincial Park and the Peace–Athabasca Delta on the Slave River. Other protected areas include Clearwater River, Meadow Lake Provincial Park and Narrow Hills Provincial Park.