Miklos Udvardy


Miklos Dezso Ferenc Udvardy was a Hungarian biologist and biogeographer. He was born on March 23, 1919 in Debrecen, Hungary to the noblemen Miklos Udvardy de Udvardy et Básth and Elizabeth Komlossy de Komlos. Despite an early interest in birds, his father encouraged him to study law, but later went on to earn a doctorate in biology from the University of Debrecen in 1942. His first position was as research biologist at the Tihanyi Biological Station on Lake Balaton in western Hungary.
Udvardy left Hungary in 1948, and secured a postdoctoral fellowship at Helsinki University in Finland with Professor P. Palmgren, an ornithologist and zoologist. He met his future wife Maud Bjorklund in 1950, and moved to Uppsala in Sweden. He was Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm for a brief time.
Miklos and Maud married in 1951 and emigrated to Canada. Udvardy arrived at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia in 1952 and was appointed Assistant Professor in the Department of Zoology in 1953, where he lectured in comparative anatomy and ornithology until 1966. He was a visiting professor at the University of Hawaii during the 1958–1959 academic year, and was Lida Scott Brown Lecturer in Ornithology at the University of California, Los Angeles in the 1963–1964 academic year.
He served as Professor of Biological Sciences at California State University, Sacramento or CSUS from 1967 until his retirement in 1991. There he sponsored eight graduate students, and spent a year as Visiting Professor at the University of Bonn in Germany, and a year as Fulbright Lecturer at the National Autonomous University of Honduras. Udvardy served as a mentor to an impressive array of graduate students, including at UBC Peter Grant, Jean Bedard, Spencer Sealy, Kees Vermeer, and at CSUS Raymond Pierotti. He was an eclectic scholar, teaching Biogeography, Evolution, Ornithology, Speciation, among other courses at CSUS. A graduate student award at CSUS was created to honor Udvardy's memory.
Udvardy was actually the person who came up with the idea of competitive exclusion, however he did not use the term by which this idea later became known, so his accomplishment is not widely recognized. His work in Biogeography was seminal to the field, and he was one of the first to emphasize the role of humans in species dispersal and in introducing species into new environments and the possible consequences of such acts. His Map of the Biogeographic Provinces of the World was an important contribution to thinking in Biogeography. Working with UNESCO, Udvardy produced a crucial document for conservation entitled A Classification of the Biogeographic Provinces of the World, which was meant to complement the Map. Udvardy coined the term Zoogeography to identify studies of the distribution of animals, and published an important book Dynamic Zoogeography on the topic. He was highly respected as a critical thinker and his congenial but incisive style of questioning led to the following short poem published in the Auklet, a special publication of the American Ornithological Union.
"After the clapping stopped, MDF Udvardy rose to his feet for a comment or two.
Caught in the spell of his conviviality, all of us grinned as the speaker he slew."
Udvardy contributed 191 papers, 8 books, and 3 maps to the scientific literature, mostly in the fields of ornithology, biogeography, and vegetation classification.
Miklos Udvardy died of surgical complications in Sacramento, California, on January 27, 1998. He was survived by his wife, Maud, and their three children and two grandchildren.

Selected publications