Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu
Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah is the 18th and current Sultan of Terengganu. He served as the 13th Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the constitutional monarch of Malaysia, from 2006 to 2011. He is Malay by ethnicity and an adherent of Sunni Islam.
Early life and education
Mizan Zainal Abidin was born at Istana Maziah in Kuala Terengganu, the eldest son of Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah by his second wife, Sharifa Nong Fatima Alsaggof. Sharifa's family is of Arab descent, from Sayidd Omar Aljunied, one of the modern pioneers of Singapore.Mizan Zainal Abidin studied at Sekolah Kebangsaan Sultan Sulaiman and Sekolah Menengah Sultan Sulaiman, Kuala Terengganu. He went overseas to study at the Geelong Grammar School in Geelong, Australia. In 1988, he completed his undergraduate studies at US International University-Europe in London, earning a B.A. in International Relations.
Mizan Zainal Abidin participated in the military course PRE SMC 33 at the Army School of Languages from 1982 to 1983. He then studied the military course SMC 33 at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in England, successfully completing the course as Cadet Officer on 9 December 1983.
Career before becoming Sultan
On 15 September 1981, Tuanku Mizan was appointed as Assistant Land Levy Collector, working for a period of about a year at the District Land Office in Kuala Terengganu, prior to his departure overseas to attend the military course in England. Tuanku Mizan's next appointment in 1988 was as State Administrative Officer at the State Economic Planning Unit in Wisma Darul Iman, Kuala Terengganu. Besides working for UPEN, Tuanku Mizan was also Assistant District Land Officer at the Kuala Terengganu District Land Office.Sultan
Mizan was appointed the Yang di-Pertuan Muda of the State of Terengganu on 6 November 1979. On 20 October 1990, he was appointed the Acting Sultan of Terengganu to 8 November 1990.From 1991 to 1995, Mizan was President of the Council for Islam and Malay Culture of Terengganu.
Mizan became the youngest ruler of a Malaysian federal state when he was appointed as the Sultan of Terengganu on 15 May 1998 following the death of his father, Sultan Mahmud. Mizan was crowned as the 17th Sultan of Terengganu on 4 March 1999.
2008 Menteri Besar Appointment Crisis
The state of Terengganu, where Barisan Nasional won two-thirds of the seats in the state parliament, was the last to appoint a Menteri Besar after the 2008 general elections. In the formation of the new Terengganu state government, the federal government under Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi recommended Idris Jusoh as Menteri Besar, who received full support of 23 of the 24 Barisan Nasional state assemblymen elected. However, on 22 March, the office of the Sultan of Terengganu announced the appointment of Kijal assemblyman Ahmad Said instead of Idris Jusoh, as was the Sultan's constitutional right.The Prime Minister claimed that the appointment of Ahmad Said was unconstitutional as it went against the wishes of the assemblymen and the Prime Minister's office, all of whom had supported Idris Jusoh's candidacy for Menteri Besar.
On 26 March, Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi and Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin met at Istana Negara to resolve the impasse. The Prime Minister accepted the King's appointment of Ahmad Said as Menteri Besar of Terengganu. He also apologised to the King for the public spat over the appointment of the Menteri Besar, explaining that there was no intention to disparage or humiliate the royal household. This apparent climbdown was due to the possibility that the royal household would be prepared to dissolve the state assembly if there had been a motion of no-confidence against Ahmad Said by the 23 UMNO state assemblymen.
Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong
Mizan was appointed Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 26 April 1999 after Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, the Sultan of Selangor was elected the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong by the Conference of Rulers. Following the illness and subsequently death of Salahuddin, Mizan served as Acting YDPA from 8 October to 12 December 2001.Mizan was re-appointed Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 13 December 2001 after the Conference of Rulers elected Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin as the 12th YDPA.
Mizan served as the first Chancellor of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu from 2001 to 2006.
Yang di-Pertuan Agong
On 3 November 2006, Mizan was elected by the Conference of Rulers to become the 13th YDPA, with his five-year term starting 13 December 2006. The Conference of Rulers appointed Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah as the Deputy YDPA. Mizan's appointment was the fourth following a second rotation system amongst the nine Malay Rulers. This five-year rotational constitutional monarchy is unique to Malaysia.On 26 April 2007, Mizan was formally installed as Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
Mizan, 44, is the third youngest YDPA after Tuanku Syed Putra of Perlis and Tuanku Abdul Halim of Kedah who were elected at age 40 and 43 respectively. He is also the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong born after Hari Merdeka, which fell on 31 August 1957.
Marriage and family
Mizan married Sultanah Nur Zahirah on 28 March 1996 in Kuala Terengganu. She is the second Raja Permaisuri Agong to habitually wear the hijab, and the third to have been born a commoner.The royal couple has two sons and two daughters:
- Her Highness Tengku Nadhirah Zaharah, the Tengku Puteri Utama Raja
- His Royal Highness Tengku Muhammad Ismail, the Crown Prince
- His Highness Tengku Muhammad Mua′az, the Tengku Sri Setia Mahkota Raja
- Her Highness Tengku Fatimatuz Zahra, the Tengku Puteri Daulath Raja .
Upon reaching Mukallaf, the Islamic age of responsibility, and according to Syariah law and the constitution of Terengganu, Tuanku Muhammad Ismail became able to discharge his duties himself. However, the Sultan formed another council, Majlis Perwakilan Pemangku Raja, to perform the Regent’s duty while he was away from Terengganu pursuing his studies. This second and current council is headed by Tengku Mustafa Kamel, another of Sultan Mizan’s younger brothers, together with former Regency Advisory Council members Tengku Sri Laksamana Raja Tengku Sulaiman Ismail and Dato' Haji Abdul Kadir Sulaiman.
During his younger days, Sultan Mizan was a keen footballer. He is currently active in golf, endurance riding and scuba diving. In addition, the Global Taekwondo Federation GTF) awarded Mizan an Honorary 7th Degree Black Belt in recognition of his active participation in the sport.
Titles and styles
- 22 January 1962 - 21 September 1979: His Highness ' Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Tengku Mahmud.
- 21 September 1979 – 6 November 1979: His Highness ' Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah.
- 6 November 1979 - 15 May 1998: His Royal Highness ' Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, The Yang di-Pertuan Muda of Terengganu.
- 15 May 1998 - 8 October 2001: His Royal Highness ' Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, The Sultan of Terengganu.
- 8 October 2001 - 12 December 2001: His Royal Highness ' Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, The Sultan of Terengganu, Acting Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
- 12 December 2001 - 13 December 2006: His Royal Highness ' Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, The Sultan of Terengganu.
- 13 December 2006 - 12 December 2011: His Majesty ' Al-Wathiqu Billah Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, The Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIII.
- 12 December 2011 - Present: His Royal Highness ' Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, The Sultan of Terengganu.
Officially, Mizan's full style and title after 12 December 2011 is Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah or translated into English as
He is the Malaysian Royal Armoured Corps' current Colonel-in-Chief, and also of the Kor Ordnans DiRaja, both of the Malaysian Army, as all his predecessors have been.
Honours
See also : List of honours of the Terengganu Royal Family by country''He has been awarded the following honours:
Honours of Terengganu
- Supreme Royal Family Order of Terengganu Grand Master and recipient
- Royal Family Order of Terengganu : Founding Grand Master and recipient
- Family Order of Terengganu : First Class and Grand Master
- Order of Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu :
- * Founding Grand Master and Knight Grand Companion
- * Funding Supreme class
- Order of Sultan Mahmud I of Terengganu : Member Grand Companion and Grand Master
- Order of the Crown of Terengganu : Knight Grand Commander and Grand Master
Honours of Malaysia
- :
- * Order of the Royal House of Malaysia : Grand Master and Recipient
- * Order of the Crown of the Realm : Recipient and Grand Master
- * Order of the Defender of the Realm : Grand Commander and Grand Master
- * Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia : Grand Master
- * Order of Merit of Malaysia : Grand Master
- * Order for Important Services : Grand Master
- * Order of the Royal Household : Grand Master
- :
- * First Class of the Royal Family Order of Johor
- * Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Crown of Johor
- * Sultan Ibrahim Coronation Medal
- :
- * Member of the Royal Family Order of Kedah
- :
- * Recipient of the Royal Family Order or Star of Yunus
- :
- * Member of the Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan
- :
- * Recipient of the Royal Family Order of Perak
- :
- * Recipient of the Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail
- :
- * First Class of the Royal Family Order of Selangor
Foreign Honours
- : Recipient of the Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei
- : Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Merit of Chile
- : Commander of the National Order of the Legion of Honour
- : First class of the Order of the Republic of Indonesia
- : Grand Cordon of the Order of Independence of Qatar
- : Knight of the Order of Rajamitrabhorn
Legacy
Educational institutions
- Institut Pendidikan Guru, Kampus Sultan Mizan in Besut
- Politeknik Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin in Dungun
- SMK Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin in Kuala Terengganu
Buildings, Bridges and Roads
- Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin Mosque in Putrajaya
- Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium in Kuala Terengganu
- Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin Mosque in Kerteh
- Hospital Angkatan Tentera Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin in Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur
- Jalan Tengku Mizan on Federal Route in Kuala Terengganu
Others
- Yayasan DiRaja Sultan Mizan or Sultan Mizan Royal Foundation
Ancestry