The Morteratsch Glacier is the largest glacier by area in the Bernina Range of the Bündner Alps in Switzerland. It is, just after the Pasterze Glacier and Gepatschferner, the third largest and by volume the most massive glacier in the eastern alps. The Morteratsch Glacier is a typical valley glacier with a pronouncedice front. The accumulation zone lies between the peaks of Piz Morteratsch, Piz Bernina, Crast' Agüzza, Piz Argient, Piz Zupò and Bellavista. From Piz Argient to the ice front in the Val Morteratsch, its horizontal extent is less than ~, with an altitude difference of up to. Together with the Pers Glacier, originating at Piz Palü, which joins the Morteratsch just below the rock formationIsla Persa, as of 1973 it covered an area of about. The volume of the ice is estimated to be about 1.2 km3. The Morteratsch Glacier drains through the Inn and the Danube into the Black Sea. In spring, depending on the snow conditions, a 10-km-long ski-run accessible to skilled skiers is marked on the glacier. It leads from the Diavolezzaaerial tramwayterminus to the Morteratsch inn and has an altitude difference of. The RhBrailwayStation Morteratsch used to be situated directly at the ice front of the glacier. The ice front has receded over in the meantime, and can no longer be seen from the station. Yearly length change measurements have been recorded since 1878. For the period to 1998, the overall retreat was over with a mean annual retreat rate of approximately per year. This long-term average has markedly increased in recent years, receding per year from 1999–2005. Substantial retreat was ongoing through 2006 as well.. During the last ten years, it lost another. During the time that measurements have been taken, the glacier has advanced a few meters in only four years. Since the large glaciers react slowly to short-term climate changes, these advances cannot be accounted for by increased precipitation in the accumulation zone in the previous winter. On the high moraines to the left and right of the ice front, which are still nearly free of overgrowth, the enormous quantities of ice which were still being pushed down here at the end of the "Little Ice Age" in the middle of the 19th century can be seen. In 2017, researchers began developing a snowmaking system to protect the glacier's ice, with a goal of covering square kilometer in 13 feet of snow. It was estimated that a decade of use might make a difference in length of 400-500 meters.
