Most common words in Spanish

Below are two estimates of the most common words in Modern Spanish. Each estimate comes from an analysis of a different text corpus. A text corpus is a large collection of samples of written and/or spoken language, that has been carefully prepared for linguistic analysis. To determine which words are the most common, researchers create a database of all the words found in the corpus, and categorise them based on the context in which they are used.
The first table lists the 100 most common word forms from the Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual, a text corpus compiled by the Real Academia Española. The RAE is Spain's official institution for documenting, planning, and standardising the Spanish language. A word form is any of the grammatical variations of a word.
The second table is a list of 100 most common lemmas found in a text corpus compiled by Mark Davies and other language researchers at Brigham Young University in the United States. A lemma is the primary form of a word—the one that would appear in a dictionary. The Spanish infinitive ' is a lemma, while ' —which is a conjugation of tener—is a word form.

Real Academia Española

The list below comes from "1000 formas más frecuentes" ", a list published by the Real Academia Española from analysis of more than 160 million word forms found in the Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual, or CREA. CREA is a computerised corpus of texts written in Spanish, and of transcripts of spoken Spanish. It includes books, magazines, and newspapers with a wide variety of content, as well as transcripts of spoken language from radio and television broadcasts and other sources. All the works in the collection are from 1975 to 2004. CREA includes samples from all Spanish-speaking countries.
The list of "1000 most frequent word forms" comes from an analysis of CREA version 3.2. Plurals, verb conjugations, and other inflections are ranked separately. Homonyms, however, are not distinguished from one another. CREA 3.2 was published in June 2008.

Rank	Word form	Occurrences	Part of speech	Translation
1		9,999,518	preposition	of; from
2		6,277,560	article, pronoun	the; third person feminine singular pronoun
3		4,681,839	conjunction	that, which
4		4,569,652	article	the
5		4,234,281	preposition	in, on
6		4,180,279	conjunction	and
7		3,260,939	preposition	to, at
8		2,618,657	article, pronoun	the; third person masculine direct object
9		2,022,514	pronoun	-self, oneself
10		1,857,225	preposition	from the
11		1,686,741	article, pronoun	the; third person feminine direct object
12		1,659,827	article	a, an
13		1,561,904	preposition	by, for, through
14		1,481,607	preposition	with
15		1,465,503	adverb	no; not
16		1,347,603	article	a, an, one
17		1,103,617	possessive	his/her/its/your
18		1,062,152	preposition	for, to, in order to
19		1,019,669	verb	is
20		951,054	preposition	to the
21		866,955	article, pronoun	the; third person masculine direct object
22		773,465	conjunction	like, as
23		661,696	adjective	more
24		542,284	conjunction	or
25		450,512	conjunction	but
26		449,870	possessive	your
27		413,241	pronoun	third person indirect object
28		380,339	verb	he/she/it has ; you ' have
29		374,368	pronoun	me
30		327,480	conjunction	if, whether
31		298,383	preposition	without
32		289,704	preposition	on top of, over, about
33		285,461	adjective	this
34		274,177	adverb	already; still
35		267,493	preposition	between
36		257,272	conjunction	when
37		247,340	adjective	all, every
38		238,841	adjective	this
39		232,924	verb	to be
40		232,415	verb	they are, you are
41		228,439	number	two
42		227,411	adverb	too, also, as well
43		223,791	verb	was
44		223,430	verb	I/he/she/it/there was
45		219,933	verb	was
46		208,540	adverb	very
47		203,027	noun	years
48		202,935	preposition	until
49		198,647	preposition	from; since
50		194,168	verb	is
51		186,360	possessive	my
52		185,700	conjunction	because
53		184,956	pronoun	what?; which?; how adjective
54		170,552	adverb	only, solely
55		169,718	verb	they/you ' have
56		167,684	pronoun	I
57		164,940	verb	there is/are
58		163,538	noun	time, instance
59		161,219	verb	can
60		158,168	adjective	all; every
61		155,645	adverb	like that
62		154,412	pronoun	us
63		153,451	conjunction, adverb	neither; nor; no even
64		148,750	noun	part; message
65		147,274	verb	has
66		139,080	pronoun	he, it
67		136,020	number	one
68		132,077	preposition	where
69		130,957	adjective	fine, well
70		130,896	noun	time; weather
71		130,746	adjective	same
72		127,976	pronoun	that
73		125,661	adverb	now
74		124,558	determiner	each; every
75		123,729	conjunction	and
76		123,491	noun	life
77		121,983	adjective	other, another
78		121,746	preposition	after
79		120,052	pronoun	to you, for you; yourself
80		119,500	pronoun	others
81		115,556	conjunction	though, although, even though
82		115,377	adjective	that
83		114,523	pronoun	that
84		114,507	verb	he/she/it does/makes
85		113,982	adjective, pronoun	other; another
86		113,011	noun	government
87		112,471	adverb	so
88		112,020	preposition	during
89		111,557	adverb	always
90		110,921	noun	day
91		110,679	adjective, adverb	so much
92		110,620	pronoun	she, her; it
93		109,542	number	three
94		108,631	noun, pronoun	yes; reflexive pronoun
95		108,471	verb	said; told
96		107,352	past participle	been
97		106,991	adjective	large, great, big
98		104,568	noun	country
99		104,204	preposition	as; according to
100		103,498	adjective	less; fewer

Mark Davies

In 2006, Mark Davies, an associate professor of linguistics at Brigham Young University, published his estimate of the 5000 most common words in Modern Spanish. To make this list, he compiled samples only from 20th-century sources—especially from the years 1970 to 2000. Most of the sources are from the 1990s. Of the 20 million words in the corpus, about one-third come from transcripts of spoken Spanish: conversations, interviews, lectures, sermons, press conferences, sports broadcasts, and so on. Among the written sources are novels, plays, short stories, letters, essays, newspapers, and the encyclopedia Encarta. The samples, written and spoken, come from Spain and at least 10 Latin American countries. Most of the samples were previously compiled for the Corpus del Español, a 100 million-word corpus that includes works from the 13th century through the 20th.
The 5000 words in Davies' list are lemmas. A lemma is the form of the word as it would appear in a dictionary. Singular nouns and plurals, for example, are treated as the same word, as are infinitives and verb conjugations. The table below includes the top 100 words from Davies' list of 5000. This list distinguishes between the definite articles lo and la and the pronouns lo and la; all are ranked individually. The adjectives ese and esa are ranked together, but the pronoun eso is separate. All conjugations of a verb are ranked together.
A highlighted row indicates that the word was found to occur especially frequently in samples of spoken Spanish.

Rank	Lemma	Occurrences	Part of speech	Translation
1	/	2,037,803	article	the
2		1,319,834	preposition	of, from
3		662,653	conjunction	that, which
4		562,162	conjunction	and
5		529,899	preposition	to, at
6		507,233	preposition	in, on
7		434,022	article	a, an
8		374,194	verb	to be
9		329,012	pronoun	-self, oneself
10		257,365	adverb	no
11		196,962	verb	to have
12		190,975	preposition	by, for, through
13		184,597	preposition	with
14		187,810	adjective	his, her, their, your
15		126,061	preposition	for, to, in order to
16		106,840	conjunction	like, as
17		106,429	verb	to be
18		106,642	verb	to have
19		98,211	pronoun	third person indirect object
20		91,035	article	the
21		92,519	pronoun	third person masculine direct object
22		88,057	adjective	all, every
23		82,435	conjunction	but, yet, except
24		92,352	adjective	more
25		81,619	verb	to do; to make
26		82,444	conjunction	or
27		76,738	verb	to be able to, can
28		79,343	verb	to tell, say
29	/	80,544	adjective	this
30		70,352	verb	to go
31		61,726	adjective	other, another
32	/	60,989	adjective	that
33		55,523	pronoun	third person feminine direct object
34		53,608	conjunction	if, whether
35		95,577	pronoun	me
36		46,778	adverb	already, still
37		45,854	verb	to see
38		44,500	conjunction	because
39		40,233	verb	to give
40		39,726	conjunction	when
41		38,597	pronoun	he
42		39,558	adverb	very, really
43		40,432	preposition	without
44		35,286	noun	time, occurrence
45		36,391	adjective	much, many, a lot
46		37,092	verb	to know
47		42,000	pronoun	what?; which?; how adjective
48		35,038	preposition	on top of, over, about
49		45,636	adjective	my
50		30,485	adjective / pronoun	some; someone
51		29,569	adjective	same
52		54,635	pronoun	I
53		33,348	adverb	also
54		29,506	preposition / adverb	until, up to; even
55		33,053	noun	year
56		27,733	number	two
57		28,696	verb	to want, love
58		30,756	preposition	between
59		24,832	adverb	like that
60		26,553	adjective	first
61		25,288	preposition	from, since
62		25,963	adjective	large, great, big
63		31,636	pronoun	that
64		24,261	conjunction	not even, neither, nor
65		26,349	pronoun	us
66		22,878	verb	to arrive
67		22,466	verb	to pass; to happen; to spend time
68		22,432	noun	time, weather
69		24,770	pronoun	she; ' them
70		33,828	adverb	yes
71		24,715	noun	day
72		21,407	number	one
73		21,589	adverb	well
74		20,986	adjective / adverb	little, few; a little bit
75		22,232	verb	should, ought to; to owe
76		23,548	adverb	so, then
77		20,330	verb	to put ; to get '
78		23,943	noun	thing
79		20,531	adjective	much
80		20,292	noun	man, mankind, husband
81		19,964	verb	to seem, to look like
82		20,666	adjective	our
83		19,002	adverb	such, a, too, so
84		18,852	conjunction	where
85		21,030	adverb	now
86		20,319	noun	part, portion
87		20,229	adverb	after
88		18,045	noun	life
89		18,152	verb	to remain, to stay
90		17,689	adverb	always
91		21,257	verb	to believe
92		19,006	verb	to speak, to talk
93		17,062	verb	to take, to carry
94		18,185	verb	to let, to leave
95		19,365	pronoun	nothing
96		17,155	adjective	each, every
97		16,104	verb	to follow
98		15,527	adjective	less, fewer
99		17,381	adjective	new
100		15,556	verb	to find

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