The motor constant is winding independent ; e.g., winding a motor with 6 turns with 2 parallel wires instead of 12 turns single wire will double the velocity constant,, but remains unchanged. can be used for selecting the size of a motor to use in an application. can be used for selecting the winding to use in the motor. Since the torque is currentmultiplied by then becomes where
If two motors with the same and torque work in tandem, with rigidly connected shafts, the of the system is still the same assuming a parallel electrical connection. The of the combined system increased by, because both the torque and the losses double. Alternatively, the system could run at the same torque as before, with torque and current split equally across the two motors, which halves the resistive losses.
is the motor velocity constant, measured in revolutions per minute per volt or radians per volt second : The rating of a brushless motor is the ratio of the motor's unloaded rotational speed to the peak voltage on the wires connected to the coils. For example, an unloaded motor of supplied with 11.1 V will run at a nominal speed of 63,270 rpm. Actually, the motor may not reach this theoretical speed because there are non-linear mechanical losses. On the other hand, if the motor is driven as a generator, the no-load voltage between terminals is perfectly proportional to the RPM and true to the of the motor/generator. The terms, are also used, as are the terms back EMF constant. or the generic electrical constant. In contrast to the value is often expressed in SI units volt seconds per radian, thus it is an inverse measure of. Sometimes it is expressed in non SI units volts per kilorevolution per minute. The field flux may also be integrated into the formula: An inverse measure is also sometimes used, which may be referred to as the speed constant. By Lenz's law, a running motor generates a back-EMF proportional to the speed. Once the motor's rotational velocity is such that the back-EMF is equal to the battery voltage, the motor reaches its limit speed.
Motor torque constant
is the torque produced divided byarmature current. It can be calculated from the motor velocity constant. where is the armature current of the machine. is primarily used to calculate the armature current for a given torque demand: The SI units for the torque constant are newton metres per ampere. Since 1 N·m = 1 J, and 1 A = 1 C/s, then 1 N·m/A = 1 J·s/C = 1 V·s. The relationship between and is not intuitive, to the point that many people simply assert that torque and are not related at all. An analogy with a hypothetical linear motor can help to convince that it is true. Suppose that a linear motor has a of 2 /V, that is, the linear actuator generates one volt of back-EMF when moved at a rate of 2 m/s. Conversely, . The useful power of this linear motor is, being the power, the useful voltage, and the current. But, since power is also equal to force multiplied by speed, the force of the linear motor is or. The inverse relationship between force per unit current and of a linear motor has been demonstrated. To translate this model to a rotating motor, one can simply attribute an arbitrary diameter to the motor armature e.g. 2 m and assume for simplicity that all force is applied at the outer perimeter of the rotor, giving 1 m of leverage. Now, supposing that of the motor is 3600 rpm/V, it can be translated to "linear" by multiplying by 2π m and dividing by 60, since angular speed is per minute. This is linear. Now, if this motor is fed with current of 2 A and assuming that back-EMF is exactly 2 V, it is rotating at 7200 rpm and the mechanical power is 4 W, and the force on rotor is N or 0.0053 N. The torque on shaft is 0.0053 N⋅m at 2 A because of the assumed radius of the rotor. Assuming a different radius would change the linear but would not change the final torque result. To check the result, remember that. So, a motor with will generate 0.00265 N⋅m of torque per ampere of current, regardless of its size or other characteristics. This is exactly the value estimated by the formula stated earlier.
