Motu language


Motu is a Central Papuan Tip language that is spoken by the Motuans, an indigenous ethnic group of Papua New Guinea. It is commonly used today in the region, particularly around the capital, Port Moresby.
A simplified form of Motu developed as a trade language in the Papuan region, in the southeast of the main island of New Guinea, originally known as Police Motu, and today known as Hiri Motu. After Tok Pisin and English, Hiri Motu was at the time of independence the third most commonly spoken of the more than 800 languages of Papua New Guinea, although its use has been declining for some years, mainly in favour of Tok Pisin.
Motu is classified as one of the Malayo-Polynesian languages and bears some linguistic similarities to Polynesian and Micronesian languages.

Phonology

Motu is a typical Austronesian language in that it is heavily vowel-based. Every Motu syllable ends in a vowel sound — this may be preceded by a single consonant. Vowel sounds may be either monophthongs or diphthongs. There are only five "pure" vowel sounds /a, e, i, o, u/; Motu diphthongs are written as combinations of two "pure" vowels. The diphthongs "oi" and "oe", ""ai" and "ae" and "ao" and "au" are the only vowel sounds that present difficulties.
In practice, the letters "r" and "l" form a single phoneme to native speakers of Motu. There is no letter "f": When it occurs in loan words, it is usually represented as "p".
Motu Braille has the usual letter assignments apart from ḡ, which is.