Nagachandra


Nagachandra or Abhinava Pampa was a 12th-century poet in the Kannada language.

Biography

Nagachandra, a scholar and the builder of the Mallinatha Jinalaya, wrote Mallinathapurana, an account of the evolution of the soul of the Jain saint. According to some historians, King Veera Ballala I was his patron.

Works

He wrote his magnum opus, a Jain version of the Hindu epic Ramayana called Ramachandra Charitapurana. Written in the traditional champu metre and in the Pauma charia tradition of Vimalasuri, it is the earliest extant version of the epic in the Kannada language. The work contains 16 sections and deviates significantly from the original epic by Valmiki. Nagachandra represents King Ravana, the villain of the Hindu epic, as a tragic hero, who in a moment of weakness commits the sin of abducting Sita but is eventually purified by her devotion to Rama. In a further deviation, Rama's loyal brother Lakshmana kills Ravana in the final battle. Eventually, Rama takes jaina-diksha, becomes an ascetic and attains nirvana. Considered a complementary work to the Pampa Bharatha of Adikavi Pampa, the work earned Nagachandra the honorific "Abhinava Pampa". Only in the Kannada language do Jain versions exist of the Hindu epics, the Mahabharata and Ramayana, in addition to their Brahminical version.