Nairobi fly


Paederus sabaeus, commonly known as the Nairobi Fly is a species of rove beetle in the genus Paederus. The beetle contains a corrosive substance known as pederin. As it is a beetle and not a fly, and as the pederin causes chemical burns, it sometimes humorously referred to as a dragon bug.

Description

Adult beetles are predominantly black and red in colour, and measure 6–10 mm in length and 0.5-1.0 mm in width. Their head, lower abdomen, and elytra are black, with the thorax and upper abdomen red.

Biology

The beetles live in moist habitats and are often beneficial to agriculture because they will eat crop pests. Adults are attracted to incandescent and fluorescent lights, and as a result, inadvertently come into contact with humana.
Heavy rains, sometimes brought on by El Niño events, provide the conditions for the Nairobi fly to thrive. Outbreaks have occurred in 1998, 2007, 2019, 2020.

Relationship to humans

Paederus dermatitis

The beetles neither sting nor bite, but their haemolymph contains pederin, a potent toxin that causes blistering and Paederus dermatitis. The toxin is released when the beetle is crushed against the skin, often at night, when sleepers inadvertently brush the insect from their faces. People are advised to gently brush or blow the insect off their skin to prevent irritation.