Nanshan District, Shenzhen
Nanshan District is one of the nine districts comprising Shenzhen. It encompasses the southwest area of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, with a population of 1.08 million. In 2013, the district of Nanshan's local GDP output exceeded 320 billion RMB. The region has an established tourism industry and is home to several sightseeing locations.
It is known for being the home of Shenzhen High-Tech Industrial Park, which comprises some of China's largest technology companies and the establishments of well-known international companies, as well as being one of the nation's richest districts.
Geography
Nanshan District has a total area of. The area continued to increase due to large scale land reclamation, especially in Qianhai and Houhai. The district is located to the northwest of Deep Bay, east of the Pearl River entrance. Its northern boundary is Yangtaishan, which divides the district with Baoan, while it is bounded south by Inner Lingding Island and Dachan Island, though the Port of Shekou is the southernmost point on the peninsula. Nanshan is situated about a degree south of the Tropic of Cancer and has a humid subtropical climate. It sits directly north of Yuen Long district of Hong Kong. More than half of the district consist of urban areas. Mountainous areas like Tanglangshan and Yangtaishan to the north and Nanshan Park to the south are largely preserved as forests.At 587 metres tall, Yangtaishan has the highest elevation in the district, with Tanglangshan being the second at 430 metres and third being Nanshan of height 336 metres. The district has a total coastline of 55.18 kilometres.
History
Nanshan was largely a rural area before being rapidly developed since the late 1970s, with the exception of a few towns and villages. Nantou, the seat of Bao'an County for almost 1700 years was located within the district.In September 1983, Nantou district was established; it was county-level administratively. Less than a year later in August 1984 Shekou, which came to be known as Shekou subdistrict today, split off as a separate district from Nanshan. In September 1990 the two districts combined to form the present Nanshan District.
Nanshan experienced large sums of migrants from other parts of the country. Much of the original towns in the district had either been demolished to make way for developments or became what are to be known as urban villages.
Demographics
As of the end of 2011, Nanshan district has a total resident population of 1,087,936 and a census-registered population of 0.5492 million. The vast majority of the population are concentrated in the southern half of the district.Administrative divisions
Nanshan District is organized into the following subdistricts.Name | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Canton Romanization | Population | Area |
Nantou Subdistrict | 南头街道 | Nántóu Jiēdào | nam4 teo4 gai1 dou6 | 163,237 | 16.80 |
Nanshan Subdistrict | 南山街道 | Nánshān Jiēdào | nam4 san1 gai1 dou6 | 152,312 | 23.90 |
Shahe Subdistrict | 沙河街道 | Shāhé Jiēdào | sa1 ho4 gai1 dou6 | 121,350 | 22.32 |
Xili Subdistrict | 西丽街道 | Xīlì Jiēdào | sei1 lei6 gai1 dou6 | 187,832 | 49.16 |
Shekou Subdistrict | 蛇口街道 | Shékǒu Jiēdào | sé4 heo2 gai1 dou6 | 87,304 | 12.29 |
Zhaoshang Subdistrict | 招商街道 | Zhāoshāng Jiēdào | jiu1 sêng1 gai1 dou6 | 79,650 | 18.36 |
Yuehai Subdistrict | 粤海街道 | Yuèhǎi Jiēdào | yud6 hoi2 gai1 dou6 | 157,807 | 14.40 |
Taoyuan Subdistrict | 桃源街道 | Táoyuán Jiēdào | tou4 yun4 gai1 dou6 | 138,853 | 40.00 |
Transportation
Shenzhen Metro
Nanshan is currently served by six metro lines operated by Shenzhen Metro:- - OCT, Window of the World, Baishizhou, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen University, Taoyuan, Daxin, Liyumen, Qianhaiwan
- - Chiwan, Shekou Port, Sea World, Shuiwan, Dongjiaotou, Wanxia, Haiyue, Dengliang, Houhai, Keyuan, Hongshuwan, Window of the World, Qiaocheng North
- - Chiwan, Liwan, Railway Park, Mawan, Qianwan Park, Qianwan, Guiwan, Qianhaiwan , Liuxiandong, Xili, University Town, Tanglang, Changlingpi
- - Xili Lake, Xili, Chaguang, Zhuguang, Longjing, Taoyuancun, Shenyun
- - Qianwan, Menghai, Litchi Orchards, Nanyou West, Nanyou, Nanshan Book Mall, Shenzhen University South, Yuehaimen, High-Tech South, Hongshuwan South, Shenwan, Shenzhen Bay Park
- - Qianhaiwan , Nanshan, Houhai, Hongshuwan South
Railway Stations
- Shekou West
- Mawan
- Shenzhen West
- Xili
Container Ports
- Shekou
- Dongjiaotou
- Chiwan
- Mawan
- Qianhai
Access of neighbouring cities and regions
Cross boundary coaches to and from Hong Kong are also available at Shenzhen Bay Port. The port it located geographically at Shekou hence all coach will travel along the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Western Corridor to get to Hong Kong.
Economy
, ZTE, China Resources Beverage, amongst others, have their headquarters in Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan. The South China office of CR Beverage is in on the 10th floor of the Min Tai Building in the district.China Nepstar has its headquarters in the Xinnengyuan Building on Nanhai Road, Nanshan District.
The drink company Hey Tea has its headquarters in the Aerospace Science And Technology Square.
The department store chain Ren Ren Le has its headquarters in Nanshan District.
Free Trade Zones
Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Industry Cooperation Zone is a large masterplanned commercial free trade zone comprising of reclaimed land under construction in Qianhai, Nanshan. Upon scheduled completion in 2020, special policies including lower taxation rates would be implemented in the new district.Shekou is another free trade zone, redeveloping from a former industrial zone.
Education
Universities
Eight of Shenzhen's eleven full-time universities are located in Nanshan:- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen Polytechnic
- Shenzhen University City
- *Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University
- *Graduate School at Shenzhen, Peking University
- *Graduate School at Shenzhen, Harbin Institute of Technology
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Financial College of Nankai University
- Shenzhen Virtual University Park
Primary and secondary schools
Government secondary schools
The Chinese word Zhongxue 中学, rendered in English as "middle school," may refer to either schools with grade 7-9 lower secondary levels and/or grade 10-12 upper secondary levels. Dr. Elisabeth P. Montgomery, Senior Advisor on Internationalization for the Nanshan District Education Bureau, is the first foreigner to hold such a position in China. She helped design education curricula for Nanshan grades 1-12 and is one of three designers of Shenzhen YuCai High School, International Department. Additionally, she is Foreign Vice Principal at the South China University of Science and Technology Education Group, International Advisor in China and Latin America, and public school Inspector.Some are governed by the Shenzhen municipal government. Those include:
- Shenzhen Experimental School
- Nanshan Middle School Attached to Beijing Normal University
- Shenzhen Bolun Vocational and Technical School
- Shenzhen Nanshan Experimental Education Group
- * Nanhai Middle School
- * Qilin Middle School
- Shenzhen Nanshan Foreign Language School
- * Binhai Middle School
- * Gaoxin Middle School
- * Taoyuan Middle School
- * High School
- Second Foreign Language School of Nanshan
- * Xuefu Middle School
- Shenzhen Shekou Yucai Education Group
- * Yucai High School
- *
- * Yucai No.3 Middle School
- Shenzhen Nanshan OCT High School 深圳市南山区华侨城中学/華僑城中學
- * OCT Campus
- * Shenwan Campus
- Shenzhen Nantou High School
- Lixiang Middle School 荔香中學/荔香中学
- Shekou School, merged from Shekou Middle School
-
International and private schools
- The International School of Nanshan Shenzhen
- Shenzhen Nanshan Chinese International College
- Shekou International School
- QSI International School of Shekou.
- Shenzhen American International School
- BASIS international school of shenzhen
- Shen Wai International school
International 1-9 schools include:
- Shenzhen Japanese School
Supplementary schools
In addition, the Shenzhen Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry organizes a Korean Saturday school because many Korean students are not studying in Korean-medium schools; the school had about 600 students in 2007. The chamber uses rented space in the OCT Primary School as the Korean weekend school's classroom.