National church
A national church is a Christian church associated with a specific ethnic group or nation state. The idea was notably discussed during the 19th century, during the emergence of modern nationalism.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, in a draft discussing the question of church and state around 1828 wrote that
John Wordsworth, Bishop of Salisbury, wrote about the National Church of Sweden in 1911, interpreting the Church of Sweden and the Church of England as national churches of the Swedish and the English peoples, respectively. Lake traces the development of Presbyterianism in 16th-century England from the status of a "godly minority" which saw itself surrounded by the corrupt or hostile mass of the population, into a "genuine national church".
The concept of a national church remains alive in the Protestantism of England and Scandinavia in particular. While, in a context of England, the national church remains a common denominator for the Church of England, some of the Lutheran "folk churches" of Scandinavia, characterized as national churches in the ethnic sense as opposed to the idea of a state church, emerged in the second half of the 19th century following the lead of Grundtvig. However, in countries in which the state church has the following of the majority of citizens, the state church may also be the national church, and may be declared as such by the government, e.g. Church of Denmark, Church of Greece, and Church of Iceland.
Countries and regions with national churches
| Country | National church | Denomination | % |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 62.9% | |
| Armenian Apostolic Church | Oriental Orthodox | 92.5% | |
| Roman Catholic Church Anglican Church of Australia | Roman Catholic Anglican | 22.6% 13.3% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 56.9% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 57.1% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 64.6% | |
| Bulgarian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 59.5% | |
| Roman Catholic Church United Church of Canada Anglican Church of Canada | Roman Catholic Presbyterian Anglican | 37% 6% 5% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 52% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 86.28% | |
| Church of Cyprus | Eastern Orthodox | 89.1% | |
| Church of Denmark | Lutheran | 74.7% | |
| Church of England | Anglican | 47.0% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 97.7% | |
| Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church | Lutheran | 9.91% | |
| Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church | Oriental Orthodox | 43.5% | |
| Church of the Faroe Islands | Lutheran | 79.7% | |
| Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland | Lutheran | 69.83% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 57.5% | |
| Georgian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 83.4% | |
| Evangelical Church in Germany Catholic Church | Protestant Roman Catholic | 25.4% 27.7% | |
| Church of Greece | Eastern Orthodox | 90% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 37.1% | |
| Church of Iceland | Lutheran | 65.15% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 78.3% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 78% | |
| Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia | Lutheran | 34.2% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 75.9% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 93.9% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 82.7% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 77.0% | |
| Roman Catholic Church Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand | Roman Catholic Anglican Prebysterian | 10.1% 6.8% 5.2% | |
| Macedonian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 64.4% | |
| Church of Norway | Lutheran | 69.91% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 76.03% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 92.9% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 81.0% | |
| Roman Catholic Church Philippine Independent Church | Roman Catholic Independent Catholic | 80.6% 1% | |
| Romanian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 81.9% | |
| Russian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 71% | |
| Church of Scotland | Reformed | 22% | |
| Serbian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 84.59% | |
| Roman Catholic Church | Roman Catholic | 68.9% | |
| Church of Sweden | Lutheran | 60.9% | |
| Church of Tuvalu | Reformed | 91%+ | |
| Roman Catholic Church Southern Baptist Convention United Methodist Church The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Church of God in Christ National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. Evangelical Lutheran Church in America | Roman Catholic Protestant Mormon | 22.7% 48.5% 1.8% | |
| Ukrainian Orthodox Church | Eastern Orthodox | 43.9% | |
| Western Ukraine | Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church | Eastern Catholic | 30.9% |