Neilos Doxapatres was a Greek-speaking monk and theologian and writer active in Sicily in the first half of the twelfth century.
Biography
According to the prologue of Neilos' work on the patriarchs, he was in Palermo in 1142/43 at the court of king Roger II of Sicily. His signature appears at the bottom of an act, dated 1146, regarding the church of the Martorana in Palermo. Everything else regarding his life is a matter of conjecture. Born into a Greek-Sicilian family with the name "Nicholas" he apparently made his career in Constantinople, where he held various high offices, both ecclesiastical and secular: deacon of the Hagia Sophia, patriarchal notary, protoproedros of the protosynkelloi and nomophylax. At some point he became a monk, assuming the monastic name "Neilos", and left for Sicily. Neilos Doxapatres shares a surname with John Doxapatres, a professor of rhetoric who taught in Constantinople in the eleventh century, but their relationship is unknown.
Works
Two works by Doxapatres have survived:
Treatise on the five patriarchs, a work of geography and ecclesiastical history commissioned by King Roger II of Sicily. In it, Doxapatres explores Byzantine ideas of the Universal Church, which were far removed from those of the papacy. As a result, the work was very controversial in the West, and only two manuscript copies survive before 1453, but which were translated into Armenian around 1179/80. The first printed edition appeared in Étienne Le Moine's collection Varia Sacra, seu Sylloge variorum opusculorum Græcorum ad rem ecclesiasticam spectantium, 2 vols..
A Useful Inquiry into the Divine Economy in Relationship to Man, a vast theological summa apparently conceived of in five books, of which only the first two have survived——although we don't know whether the other three were ever, in fact, written. The first book discusses, in 263 chapters, the creation of man, Paradise, and the Fall; the second devoted 203 chapters to Christ, the second Adam, who repairs the sins for the first and saves humanity through his Incarnation and Passion. Book I was inspired above all by Gregory of Nyssa's On the creation of man and Nemesius's On the nature of man, Book II by the commentaries of Theophylact of Ohrid. Books III and IV, based on their titles, were probably meant to discuss the later history of the apostles and the Church.
The Synopsis Canonum written by Alexios Aristenos was falsely attributed to him.
Editions of texts
Patrologia Graeca 132, col. 1083-1114 and col. 1292-96. First chapter and final paragraph of Book 1 of De Œconomia Dei, based on a publication by Angelo Mai.
Finck, Franz Nikolaus, ed. Des Nilos Doxopatres Τάξις τῶν πατριαρχικῶν θρόνων. Vagharshabad, Mayr Athorho, 1902. Greek and Armenian versions.
