Non-representational theory


Non-representational theory is a theory developed in human geography, largely through the work of Nigel Thrift, and his colleagues such as J.D. Dewsbury, Derek McCormack, Paul Harrison, and John Wylie, and later by their respective graduate students, among them, James Ash, Paul Simpson, Joe Gerlach, Thomas Jellis, Andrew Lapworth, Nina Williams, Sam Kinsley, Tom Roberts, and Tom Keating. It challenges those using social theory and conducting geographical research to "go beyond representation" and focus on embodied experience. Thus, Dewsbury describes practices of "witnessing" that produce "knowledge without contemplation".

Emphasis on practice

Instead of studying and representing social relationships, non-representational theory focuses upon practices – how human and nonhuman formations are enacted or performed – not simply on what is produced. "First, it valorizes those processes that operate before … conscious, reflective thought … second, it insists on the necessity of not prioritizing representations as the primary epistemological vehicles through which knowledge is extracted from the world". Recent studies have examined a wide range of activities including dance, musical performance, walking, gardening, rave, listening to music and children's play.

Post-structuralist origins

This is a post-structuralist theory inspired in part by the ideas of the physicist-philosopher Niels Bohr, and thinkers such as Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Bruno Latour, Michel Serres and Karen Barad, and by phenomenonologists such as Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. More recently it considers views from political science and anthropological discussions of the material dimensions of human life. It parallels the conception of "hybrid geographies" developed by Sarah Whatmore.

Criticism

Critics have suggested that Thrift's use of the term "non-representational theory" is problematic, and that other non-representational theories could be developed. Richard G. Smith said that Baudrillard's work could be considered a "non-representational theory", for example, which has fostered some debate. In 2005, Hayden Lorimer said that the term "more-than-representational" was preferable.