Ontonagon County, Michigan
Ontonagon County is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,780, making it Michigan's third-least populous county. The county seat is Ontonagon. The county was set off in 1843, and organized in 1848. Its territory had been organized as part of Chippewa and Mackinac counties. With increasing population in the area, more counties were organized. After Ontonagon was organized, it was split to create Gogebic County. It is also the westernmost U.S. county that uses the Eastern Time Zone.
The county is named after the Ontonagon River. The name is said to be derived from an Ojibwe language word Nondon-organ, meaning "hunting river." A French transliteration, Nantounagon, identified the river on a 1670 French map. Alternatively, it is said to be derived from the Ojibwa onagon, which means "dish" or "bowl." See List of Michigan county name etymologies.
Geography
According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and is water. It is the third-largest county in Michigan by area.At a longitude of 89.5°W, it is the westernmost county in the United States contained entirely within the Eastern Time Zone.
Geographic features
- Lake Superior
- Lake Gogebic is the largest lake in the Upper Peninsula.
- Corpse Pond
- Ontonagon River
- Firesteel River
- Flintsteel River
- Halfway Creek
- Townline Creek
- Maple Leaf Creek
Major highways
- – runs north-south through east-central part of county. Enters south line from Watersmeet, passes Paulding, Bruce Crossing, and Rockland, ending at Ontonagon.
- – enters east line of county at 12 miles south of NE county corner. Runs SW, passing Mass City and Lake Mine, to intersection with M-38 east of Rockland.
- – runs east-west thru southern part of county. Enters 10.4 miles north of SE county corner. Runs westerly into Gogebic County.
- – enters east line of county at a point east of Mass City. Runs west to Lake Mine, then WNW to terminus at Ontonagon.
- – runs north-south through center part of county. Enters south line on west side of Lake Gogebic; runs north to Lake Superior shoreline. Runs NE along shoreline to terminus at Ontonagon.
Airport
Adjacent counties
- Keweenaw County – northeast
- Houghton County – east
- Iron County – southeast/CST Border
- Gogebic County – south/CST Border
- Ashland County, Wisconsin – west/CST Border
- Cook County, Minnesota – northwest/CST Border
National protected areas
- Keweenaw National Historical Park
- Ottawa National Forest
Demographics
There were 3,258 households out of which 15.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.61.
The county population contained 15.8% under the age of 18, 4.1% from 18 to 24, 16.7% from 25 to 44, 37.0% from 45 to 64, and 26.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52.7 years. The population is 51.6% male and 48.4% female.
The median income for a household in the county was $34,786, and the median income for a family was $46,845. The per capita income for the county was $22,195. About 9.0% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.2% of those under age 18 and 6.7% of those age 65 or over.
History
In 1843, Michigan's Upper Peninsula was divided into Mackinac, Chippewa, Marquette, Schoolcraft, Delta, and Ontonagon Counties. In 1845, a portion of Ontonagon County was partitioned to be part of Houghton County. In 1846, the village of Ontonagon was named as the county seat of Ontonagon County.Government
Ontonagon County is fairly balanced to Republican-leaning. Since 1876 its voters have selected the Republican Party nominee in 61% of the national elections through 2016.Ontonagon County operates the County jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance etc. – are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.
Elected officials
- Prosecuting Attorney: Michael D. Findlay
- Sheriff: Dale Rantala
- County Clerk/Register of Deeds: Stacy C. Preiss
- County Treasurer: Jeanne M. Pollard
- Mine Inspector: Douglas Roberts
Communities
Village
- Ontonagon
Civil townships
- Bergland Township
- Bohemia Township
- Carp Lake Township
- Greenland Township
- Haight Township
- Interior Township
- Matchwood Township
- McMillan Township
- Ontonagon Township
- Rockland Township
- Stannard Township
Census-designated place
- White Pine
Unincorporated communities
- Agate
- Algonquin
- Bergland
- Bruce Crossing
- Calderwood
- Carp Lake
- Ewen
- Greenland
- Maple Grove
- Mass City
- Matchwood
- Paulding
- Paynesville
- Rockland
- Trout Creek
- Victoria
Ghost town
- Adventure
Indian reservation
- The Ontonagon Indian Reservation, a branch of the Lake Superior Chippewa, has a reservation in the northeastern section of Ontonagon Township on the shores of Lake Superior. The reservation occupies of land but recorded no permanent population at the 2010 Census.