Otto Schreier


Otto Schreier was a Jewish-Austrian mathematician who made major contributions in combinatorial group theory and in the topology of Lie groups.

Life

His parents were the architect Theodor Schreier and his wife Anna . From 1920 Otto Schreier studied at the University of Vienna and took classes with Wilhelm Wirtinger, Philipp Furtwängler, Hans Hahn, Kurt Reidemeister, Leopold Vietoris, and Josef Lense. In 1923 he obtained his doctorate, under the supervision of Philipp Furtwängler, entitled On the expansion of groups . In 1926 he completed his habilitation with Emil Artin at the University of Hamburg , where he had also given lectures before.
In 1928 he became a professor at the University of Rostock. He gave lectures in Hamburg and Rostock at the same time in the winter semester but fell seriously ill from sepsis in December 1928, of which he died six months later.
His daughter Irene was born a month after his death. His wife Edith and daughter were able to flee to the United States in January 1939. His daughter became a pianist and married the American mathematician Dana Scott, whom she had met in Princeton. Otto Schreier's parents were murdered in the Theresienstadt concentration camp as part of the Holocaust.

Scientific contributions

Schreier was introduced to group theory by Kurt Reidemeister and first examined knot groups in 1924 following work by Max Dehn. His best-known work is his habilitation thesis on the subgroups of free groups, in which he generalizes the results of Reidemeister about normal subgroups. He proved that subgroups of free groups themselves are free, generalizing a theorem by Jakob Nielsen.
In 1927 he showed that the topological fundamental group of a classical Lie group is abelian. In 1928 he improved Jordan-Hölder's theorem. With Emil Artin, he proved the Artin-Schreier theorem characterizing Real closed fields.
The Schreier conjecture of group theory states that the group of external automorphisms of any finite simple group can be resolved.
With Emanuel Sperner, he wrote an introductory textbook on linear algebra, which was well-known in German-speaking countries for a long time.

Significance of the Artin–Schreier theorem

According to Hans Zassenhaus:

Results and concepts named after Otto Schreier