Oxyrhynchus Papyri

The Oxyrhynchus Papyri are a group of manuscripts discovered during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by papyrologists Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt at an ancient rubbish dump near Oxyrhynchus in Egypt.
The manuscripts date from the time of the Ptolemaic and Roman periods of Egyptian history.
Only an estimated 10% are literary in nature. Most of the papyri found seem to consist mainly of public and private documents: codes, edicts, registers, official correspondence, census-returns, tax-assessments, petitions, court-records, sales, leases, wills, bills, accounts, inventories, horoscopes, and private letters.
Although most of the papyri were written in Greek, some texts written in Egyptian, Latin and Arabic were also found. Texts in Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac and Pahlavi have so far represented only a small percentage of the total.
Since 1898, academics have puzzled together and transcribed over 5,000 documents from what were originally hundreds of boxes of papyrus fragments the size of large cornflakes. This is thought to represent only 1 to 2% of what is estimated to be at least half a million papyri still remaining to be conserved, transcribed, deciphered and catalogued.
Oxyrhynchus Papyri are currently housed in institutions all over the world. A substantial number are housed in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford University. There is an on-line table of contents briefly listing the type of contents of each papyrus or fragment.

Administrative texts

Administrative Documents assembled and transcribed from the Oxyrhynchus excavation so far include:

The contract of a wrestler agreeing to throw his next match for a fee.
Various and sundry ancient recipes for treating haemorrhoids, hangovers and cataracts.
Details of a grain dole mirroring a similar program in the Roman capital.
Secular texts

Although most of the texts uncovered at Oxyrhynchus were non-literary in nature, the archaeologists succeeded in recovering a large corpus of literary works that had previously been thought to have been lost. Many of these texts had previously been unknown to modern scholars.

Greek

Several fragments can be traced to the work of Plato, for instance the Republic, Phaedo, or the dialogue Gorgias, dated around 200-300 CE.

Historiography

Another important discovery was a papyrus codex containing a significant portion of the treatise The Constitution of the Athenians, which was attributed to Aristotle and had previously been thought to have been lost forever. A second, more extensive papyrus text was purchased in Egypt by an American missionary in 1890. E. A. Wallis Budge of the British Museum acquired it later that year, and the first edition of it by British paleographer Frederic G. Kenyon was published in January, 1891. The treatise revealed a massive quantity of reliable information about historical periods that classicists previously had very little knowledge of. Two modern historians even went so far as to state that "the discovery of this treatise constitutes almost a new epoch in Greek historical study." In particular, 21–22, 26.2–4, and 39–40 of the work contain factual information not found in any other extant ancient text.
The discovery of a historical work known as the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia also revealed new information about classical antiquity. The identity of the author of the work is unknown; many early scholars proposed that it may have been written by Ephorus or Theopompus, but many modern scholars are now convinced that it was written by Cratippus. The work has won praise for its style and accuracy and has even been compared favorably with the works of Thucydides.

Mathematics

The findings at Oxyrhynchus also turned up the oldest and most complete diagrams from Euclid's Elements. Fragments of Euclid discovered led to a re-evaluation of the accuracy of ancient sources for The Elements, revealing that the version of Theon of Alexandria has more authority than previously believed, according to Thomas Little Heath.

Drama

The classical author who has most benefited from the finds at Oxyrhynchus is the Athenian playwright Menander, whose comedies were very popular in Hellenistic times and whose works are frequently found in papyrus fragments. Menander's plays found in fragments at Oxyrhynchus include Misoumenos, Dis Exapaton, Epitrepontes, Karchedonios, Dyskolos and Kolax. The works found at Oxyrhynchus have greatly raised Menander's status among classicists and scholars of Greek theatre.
Another notable text uncovered at Oxyrhynchus was Ichneutae, a previously unknown play written by Sophocles. The discovery of Ichneutae was especially significant since Ichneutae is a satyr play, making it only one of two extant satyr plays, with the other one being Euripides's Cyclops.
Extensive remains of the Hypsipyle of Euripides and a life of Euripides by Satyrus the Peripatetic were also found at Oxyrhynchus.

Poetry

Poems of Pindar. Pindar was the first known Greek poet to reflect on the nature of poetry and on the poet's role.
Fragments of Sappho, Greek poet from the island of Lesbos famous for her poems about love.
Fragments of Alcaeus, an older contemporary and an alleged lover of Sappho, with whom he may have exchanged poems.
Larger pieces of Alcman, Ibycus, and Corinna.
Passages from Homer's Iliad. See Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 20 – Iliad II.730-828 and Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 21 – Iliad II.745-764
Latin

An epitome of seven of the 107 lost books of Livy was the most important literary find in Latin.

Christian texts

Among the Christian texts found at Oxyrhynchus, were fragments of early non-canonical Gospels, Oxyrhynchus 840 and Oxyrhynchus 1224. Other Oxyrhynchus texts preserve parts of Matthew 1, 11-12 and 19 ; Mark 10-11 ; John 1 and 20 ; Romans 1 ; the First Epistle of John ; the Apocalypse of Baruch ; the Gospel according to the Hebrews ; The Shepherd of Hermas, and a work of Irenaeus,. There are many parts of other canonical books as well as many early Christian hymns, prayers, and letters also found among them.
All manuscripts classified as "theological" in the Oxyrhynchus Papyri are listed below. A few manuscripts that belong to multiple genres, or genres that are inconsistently treated in the volumes of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri, are also included. For example, the quotation from Psalm 90 associated with an amulet, is classified according to its primary genre as a magic text in the Oxyrhynchus Papyri; however, it is included here among witnesses to the Old Testament text. In each volume that contains theological manuscripts, they are listed first, according to an English tradition of academic precedence.

Old Testament

The original Hebrew Bible was translated into Greek between the 3rd and 1st centuries BC. This translation is called the Septuagint, because there is a tradition that seventy Jewish scribes compiled it in Alexandria. It was quoted in the New Testament and is found bound together with the New Testament in the 4th and 5th century Greek uncial codices Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus and Vaticanus. The Septuagint included books, called the Apocrypha or Deuterocanonical by Christians, which were later not accepted into the Jewish canon of sacred writings. Portions of Old Testament books of undisputed authority found among the Oxyrhynchus Papyri are listed in this section.

The first number is the volume of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri in which the manuscript is published.
The second number is the overall publication sequence number in Oxyrhynchus Papyri.
Standard abbreviated citation of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri is:
Context will always make clear whether volume 70 of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri or the Septuagint is intended.
P. Oxy. VIII 1073 is an Old Latin version of Genesis, other manuscripts are probably copies of the Septuagint.
Dates are estimated to the nearest 50 year increment.
Content is given to the nearest verse where known.

Vol	Oxy	Date	Content	Institution	City, State	Country
IV	656	150	Gen 14:21–23; 15:5–9; 19:32–20:11; 24:28–47; 27:32–33, 40–41	Bodleian Library; MS.Gr.bib.d.5	Oxford	UK
VI	845	400	Psalms 68; 70	Egyptian Museum; JE 41083	Cairo	Egypt
VI	846	550	Amos 2	University of Pennsylvania; E 3074	Philadelphia Pennsylvania	U.S.
VII	1007	400	Genesis 2-3	British Museum; Inv. 2047	London	UK
VIII	1073	350	Gen 5–6 Old Latin	British Museum; Inv. 2052	London	UK
VIII	1074	250	Exodus 31–32	University of Illinois; GP 1074	Urbana, Illinois	U.S.
VIII	1075	250	Exodus 11:26–32	British Library; Inv. 2053	London	UK
IX	1166	250	Genesis 16:8–12	British Library; Inv. 2066	London	UK
IX	1167	350	Genesis 31	Princeton Theological Seminary Pap. 9	Princeton New Jersey	U.S.
IX	1168	350	Joshua 4-5 vellum	Princeton Theological Seminary Pap. 10	Princeton New Jersey	U.S.
X	1225	350	Leviticus 16	Princeton Theological Seminary Pap. 12	Princeton New Jersey	U.S.
X	1226	300	Psalms 7–8	Liverpool University Class. Gr. Libr. 4241227	Liverpool	UK
XI	1351	350	Lev 27 vellum	Ambrose Swasey Library; 886.4 Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School	Rochester New York	U.S.
XI	1352	325	Pss 82–83 vellum	Egyptian Museum; JE 47472	Cairo	Egypt
XV	1779	350	Psalm 1	United Theological Seminary	Dayton, Ohio	U.S.
XVI	1928	500	Ps 90 amulet	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XVII	2065	500	Psalm 90	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XVII	2066	500	Ecclesiastes 6–7	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XXIV	2386	500	Psalms 83–84	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
L	3522	50	Job 42.11–12	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LX	4011	550	Ps 75 interlinear	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4442	225	Ex 20:10–17, 18–22	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4443	100	Esther 6–7	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK

Old Testament Deuterocanon (or, Apocrypha)

This name designates several, unique writings or different versions of pre-existing writings found in the canon of the Jewish scriptures. Although those writings were no longer viewed as having a canonical status amongst Jews by the beginning of the second century A.D., they retained that status for much of the Christian Church. They were and are accepted as part of the Old Testament canon by the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox churches. Protestant Christians, however, follow the example of the Jews and do not accept these writings as part of the Old Testament canon.

PP. Oxy. XIII 1594 and LXV 4444 are vellum.
Both copies of Tobit are different editions to the known Septuagint text.

Vol	Oxy	Date	Content	Institution	City, State	Country
III	403	400	Apocalypse of Baruch 12–14	St. Mark's Library General Theological Seminary	New York City	U.S.
VII	1010	350	2 Esdras 16:57–59	Bodleian Library MS.Gr.bib.g.3	Oxford	UK
VIII	1076	550	Tobit 2 not LXX	John Rylands University Library 448	Manchester	UK
XIII	1594	275	Tobit 12 vellum, not LXX	Cambridge University Library Add.MS. 6363	Cambridge	UK
XIII	1595	550	Ecclesiasticus 1	Palestine Institute Museum Pacific School of Religion	Berkeley California	U.S.
XVII	2069	400	1 Enoch 85.10–86.2, 87.1–3	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XVII	2074	450	Apostrophe to Wisdom	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4444	350	Wisdom 4:17–5:1 vellum	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK

Other related papyri

New Testament

The Oxyrhynchus Papyri have provided the most numerous sub-group of the earliest copies of the New Testament. These are surviving portions of codices written in Greek uncial letters on papyrus. The first of these were excavated by Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt in Oxyrhynchus, at the turn of the 20th century. Of the 127 registered New Testament papyri, 52 are from Oxyrhynchus. The earliest of the papyri are dated to the middle of the 2nd century, so were copied within about a century of the writing of the original New Testament documents.
Grenfell and Hunt discovered the first New Testament papyrus, on only the second day of excavation, in the winter of 1896–7. This, together with the other early discoveries, was published in 1898, in the first volume of the now 70-volume work, The Oxyrhynchus Papyri.

The third column refers to the now standard sequences of Caspar René Gregory.
indicates a papyrus manuscript, a number beginning with zero indicates vellum.
The CRG number is an adequate abbreviated citation for New Testament manuscripts.
Content is given to the nearest chapter; verses are sometimes listed.

Vol	Oxy	CRG	Date	Content	Institution	City, State	Country
I	2		250	Matthew 1	University of Pennsylvania	Philadelphia Pennsylvania	U.S.
I	3	069	500	Mark 10:50.51; 11:11.12	Frederick Haskell Oriental Institute University of Chicago; 2057	Chicago Illinois	U.S.
II	208=1781		250	John 1, 16, 20	British Library	London	UK
II	209		350	Romans 1	Houghton Library, Harvard	Cambridge Massachusetts	U.S.
III	401	071	500	Matthew 10-11 †	Harvard Semitic Museum; 3735	Cambridge Massachusetts	U.S.
III	402		250	1 John 4	Houghton Library, Harvard	Cambridge Massachusetts	U.S.
IV	657		250	Hebrews 2–5, 10–12	British Library	London	UK
VI	847	0162	300	John 2	Metropolitan Museum of Art	New York	U.S.
VI	848	0163	450	Revelation 16	Metropolitan Museum of Art	New York	U.S.
VII	1008		250	1 Corinthians 7–8	Egyptian Museum	Cairo	Egypt
VII	1009		300	Philippians 3–4	Egyptian Museum	Cairo	Egypt
VIII	1078		350	Hebrews 9	Cambridge University Library, Cambridge	Cambridge	UK
VIII	1079		300	Revelation 1	British Library	London	UK
VIII	1080	0169	350	Revelation 3–4	Robert Elliott Speer Library Princeton Theological Seminary	Princeton	U.S.
IX	1169	0170	500	Matthew 6	Robert Elliott Speer Library Princeton Theological Seminary	Princeton	U.S.
IX	1170		400	Matthew 10–11	Bodleian Library	Oxford	UK
IX	1171		250	James 2–3	Harvey S. Firestone Memorial Library, Princeton	Princeton New Jersey	U.S.
X	1227		400	Matthew 12	Muhlenberg College	Allentown Pennsylvania	U.S.
X	1228		250	John 15–16	Glasgow University Library	Glasgow	UK
X	1229		250	James 1	University of Illinois	Urbana, Illinois	U.S.
X	1230		350	Revelation 5–6	Franklin Trask Library Andover Newton Theological School	Newton Massachusetts	U.S.
XI	1353	0206	350	1 Peter 5	United Theological Seminary	Dayton, Ohio	U.S.
XI	1354		600	Romans 1	Joseph S. Bridwell Library Southern Methodist University	Dallas, Texas	U.S.
XI	1355		250	Romans 8–9	Cambridge University Library	Cambridge	UK
XIII	1596		250	John 6	Palestine Institute Museum Pacific School of Religion	Berkeley California	U.S.
XIII	1597		250	Acts 26	Bodleian Library	Oxford	UK
XIII	1598		250	1 Ths 4–5; 2 Ths 1	Ghent University Library	Ghent	Belgium
XV	1780		250	John 8	Museum of the Bible	Washington, D.C.	U.S.
XV	1781=208		250	John 1, 16, 20	British Library	London	UK
XVIII	2157		400	Galatians 1	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XXIV	2383		250	Luke 22	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XXIV	2384		250	Matthew 2–3, 11–12, 24	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XXIV	2385		350	Matthew 19	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XXXIV/LXIV	2683/4405		200	Matthew 23	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XXXIV	2684		300	Jude	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
L	3523		150	John 18–19	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4449		300	James 3–5	Sackler Library Papyrology Rooms	Oxford	UK
LXIV	4401		250	Matthew 3–4	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXIV	4402		300	Matthew 4	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXIV	4403		200	Matthew 13–14	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXIV	4404		150	Matthew 21?	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXIV	4406		500	Matthew 27–28	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4445		250	John 1	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4446		250	John 17	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4447		250	John 17/18	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXV	4448		250	John 21	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXVI			350	Matthew 10	Sackler Library Papyrology Rooms	Oxford	UK
LXVI	4495		250	Luke 17	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXVI	4496		450	Acts 26–27	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXVI	4497		250	Romans 2	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXVI	4498		250	Hebrews 1	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXVI	4499		300	Revelation 2–3, 5–6, 8–15	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXVI	4500	0308	350	Revelation 11:15–18	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXI	4803		250	John 1:21–28, 38–44	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXI	4804		350	John 1:25–28, 33-38, 42–44	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXI	4805		250	John 19:17–18, 25–26	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXI	4806		4th/5th century	John 21:11–14, 22–24	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXII	4844		4th/5th century	1 Corinthians 14:31–34; 15:3–6	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXII	4845		4th/5th century	2 Corinthians 11:1-4. 6-9	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXIII	4934		3rd/4th century	1 Peter 1:23-2:5.7-12	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXIV	4968		5th century	Acts 10–17	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXXXI	5258		3rd/4th century	Ephesians 3:21–4:2, 14–16	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
LXXXI	5259		3rd century	1 Timothy 3:13–4:8	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK

New Testament Apocrypha

The Oxyrhynchus Papyri collection contains around twenty manuscripts of New Testament apocrypha, works from the early Christian period that presented themselves as biblical books, but were not eventually received as such by the orthodoxy. These works found at Oxyrhynchus include the gospels of Thomas, Mary, Peter, James, The Shepherd of Hermas, and the Didache. Among this collection are also a few manuscripts of unknown gospels. The three manuscripts of Thomas represent the only known Greek manuscripts of this work; the only other surviving manuscript of Thomas is a nearly complete Coptic manuscript from the Nag Hammadi find. P. Oxy. 4706, a manuscript of The Shepherd of Hermas, is notable because two sections believed by scholars to have been often circulated independently, Visions and Commandments, were found on the same roll.

P. Oxy. V 840 and P. Oxy. XV 1782 are vellum
2949?, 3525, 3529? 4705, and 4706 are rolls, the rest codices.

Vol	Oxy	Date	Content	Institution	City, State	Country
Early Writings	-	-	-	-	-	-
LXIX	4705	250	Shepherd, Visions 1:1, 8–9	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LXIX	4706	200	Shepard Visions 3–4; Commandments 2; 4–9	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
L	3526	350	Shepherd, Commandments 5–6	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XV	1783	325	Shepherd, Commandments 9
IX	1172	350	Shepherd, Parables 2:4–10	British Library; Inv. 224	London	UK
LXIX	4707	250	Shepherd, Parables 6:3–7:2	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XIII	1599	350	Shepherd, Parables 8
L	3527	200	Shepherd, Parables 8:4–5	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
L	3528	200	Shepherd, Parables 9:20–22	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
III	404	300	Shepherd
XV	1782	350	Didache 1–3	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
Pseudepigrapha	-	-	-	-	-	-
I	1	200	Gospel of Thomas	Bodleian Library Ms. Gr. Th. e 7	Oxford	UK
IV	654	200	Gospel of Thomas	British Museum; Inv. 1531	London	UK
IV	655	200	Gospel of Thomas	Houghton Library, Harvard SM Inv. 4367	Cambridge Massachusetts	US
XLI	2949	200	Gospel of Peter?	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
L	3524	550	Gospel of James 25:1	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
L	3525	250	Gospel of Mary	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
LX	4009	150	Gospel of Peter?	Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
I	6	450	Acts of Paul and Thecla
VI	849	325	Acts of Peter
VI	850	350	Acts of John
VI	851	500	Apocryphal Acts
VIII	1081		Gnostic Gospel
II	210	250	Unknown gospel	Cambridge University Library Add. Ms. 4048	Cambridge	UK
V	840	200	Unknown gospel	Bodleian Library Ms. Gr. Th. g 11	Oxford	UK
X	1224	300	Unknown gospel	Bodleian Library Ms. Gr. Th. e 8	Oxford	UK

Other related texts

Four exact dates are marked in bold type:

Vol	Oxy	Date	Content	Institution	City, State	Country
Biblical quotes	-	-	-	-	-	-
VIII	1077	550	Amulet: magic text quotes Matthew 4:23–24	Trexler Library; Pap. Theol. 2 Muhlenberg College	Allentown Pennsylvania	U.S.
LX		350	"Our Father" with introductory prayer	Papyrology Room Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
Creeds	-	-	-	-	-	-
XVII		450	Nicene Creed	Papyrology Room Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XV	1784	450	Constantinopolitan Creed	Ambrose Swasey Library Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School	Rochester New York	U.S.
Church Fathers	-	-	-	-	-	-
III	405	250	Irenaeus, Against Heresies	Cambridge University Library Add. Ms. 4413	Cambridge	UK
XXXI		550	Theophilus of Alexandria Peri Katanuxeos	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
Unknown theological works	-	-	-	-	-	-
XIII	1600	450	treatise on The Passion	Bodleian Library Ms. Gr. Th. d 4	Oxford	UK
I	4	300	theological fragment	Cambridge University Library	Cambridge	UK
III	406	250	theological fragment	Library; BH 88470.1 McCormick Theological Seminary	Chicago Illinois	U.S.
Dialogues	-	-	-	-	-	-
XVII		275	anti-Jewish dialogue	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
XVII		550	fragment of a dialogue	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
Apologies	-	-	-	-	-	-
XVII		250	fragment of an apology	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
Homilies	-	-	-	-	-	-
XIII	1601	400	homily about spiritual warfare	Ambrose Swasey Library Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School	Rochester New York	U.S.
XIII	1602	400	homily to monks	University Library State University of Ghent	Ghent	Belgium
XIII	1603	500	homily about women	John Rylands University Library Inv R. 55247	Manchester	UK
XV	1785	450	collection of homilies	Payrology Room Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
XVII		375	fragment of a homily and other text	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
Liturgical texts	-	-	-	-	-	-
XVII		350	liturgical fragments	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
III	407	300	Christian prayer	Department of Manuscripts British Museum	London	UK
XV	1786	275	Christian hymn with musical notation	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
Hagiographies	-	-	-	-	-	-
L		350	martyrdom of Dioscorus	Payrology Room Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
Libelli	-	-	-	-	-	-
LVIII	3929	250	libellus from between 25 June and 24 July 250	Payrology Room Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
IV	658	250	libellus from the year 250	Beinecke Library Yale University	New Haven Connecticut	U.S.
XII	1464	250	libellus 27 June 250	Department of Manuscripts British Museum	London	UK
XLI	2990	250	libellus from the 3rd century	Papyrology Rooms Sackler Library	Oxford	UK
Other documentary texts	-	-	-	-	-	-
XLII	3035	256	warrant to arrest a Christian 28 February 256	Payrology Room Ashmolean Museum	Oxford	UK
Other fragments	-	-	-	-	-	-
I	5	300	early Christian fragment	Bodleian Library Ms. Gr. Th. f 9	Oxford	UK

Popular movies

The Hunger Games (film) - 2012 American dystopian action thriller science fiction-adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on Suzanne Collins’s 2008 novel of the same name. It is the first insta...
untitled Captain Marvel sequel - part of Marvel Cinematic Universe....
Killers of the Flower Moon (film project) - Killers of the Flower Moon - film project in United States of America. It was presented as drama, detective fiction, thriller. The film project starred Leonardo Dicaprio, Robert De Niro. Director of...
Five Nights at Freddy's (film) - Five Nights at Freddy's - film published in 2017 in United States of America. Scenarist of the film - Scott Cawthon....

Popular books

Book of Revelation - The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament, and consequently is also the final book of the Christian Bible. Its title is derived from the first word of the Koine Greek text: apok...
Book of Genesis - account of the creation of the world, the early history of humanity, Israel's ancestors and the origins...
Gospel of Matthew - The Gospel According to Matthew is the first book of the New Testament and one of the three synoptic gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, rejected and executed in Israel, pronounces judgement on ...
Michelin Guide - Michelin Guides are a series of guide books published by the French tyre company Michelin for more than a century. The term normally refers to the annually published Michelin Red Guide , the oldest...
Psalms - The Book of Psalms , commonly referred to simply as Psalms , the Psalter or "the Psalms", is the first book of the Ketuvim , the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and thus a book of th...
Ecclesiastes - Ecclesiastes is one of 24 books of the Tanakh , where it is classified as one of the Ketuvim . Originally written c. 450–200 BCE, it is also among the canonical Wisdom literature of the Old Tes...
The 48 Laws of Power - non-fiction book by American author Robert Greene. The book...

Popular television series

The Crown (TV series) - historical drama web television series about the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, created and principally written by Peter Morgan, and produced by Left Bank Pictures and Sony Pictures Tel...
Friends - American sitcom television series, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast sta...
Young Sheldon - spin-off prequel to The Big Bang Theory and begins with the character Sheldon...
Modern Family - American television mockumentary family sitcom created by Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan for the American Broadcasting Company. It ran for eleven seasons, from September 23...
Loki (TV series) - upcoming American web television miniseries created for Disney+ by Michael Waldron, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, shar...
Game of Thrones - American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss for HBO. It...
Shameless (American TV series) - American comedy-drama television series developed by John Wells which debuted on Showtime on January 9, 2011. It...