Paderborn
Paderborn is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. The name of the city derives from the river Pader and "born", an old German term for the source of a river. The river Pader originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral, where St. Liborius is buried.
History
Paderborn was founded as a bishopric by Charlemagne in 795, although its official history began in 777 when Charlemagne built a castle near the Pader springs. In 799 Pope Leo III fled his enemies in Rome and reached Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne, and stayed there for three months. It was during this time that it was decided that Charlemagne would be crowned emperor. Charlemagne reinstated Leo in Rome in 800 and was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Leo in return. In 836, St. Liborius became the patron saint of Paderborn after his bones were moved there from Le Mans by Bishop Badurad. St. Liborius is commemorated in Paderborn every year in July with the Liborifest.The bishop of Paderborn, Meinwerk, became a Prince of the Empire in 1100. The bishop had several large buildings built, and the area became a place for the emperors to stay.
The city was taken by Prussia in 1802, then by the French vassal state Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813 and then returned to Prussia.
Native Friedrich Sertürner, a pharmacist's apprentice in Paderborn, was the first to isolate morphine from opium in 1804.
In 1914 the Padeborn military camp was turned into a prisoner of War camp named Sennelager.
In 1930, the See of Paderborn was promoted to archdiocese.
During World War II, Paderborn was bombed by Allied aircraft in 1944 and 1945, resulting in 85% destruction, including many of the historic buildings. It was seized by the US 3rd Armored Division after a pitched battle 31 March - 1 April 1945, in which tanks and flamethrowers were used during combined mechanized-infantry assaults against the city's southwestern, southern and southeastern approaches.
After the city was reconstructed in the 1940s and 1950s, Paderborn became a major industrial seat in Westphalia. The British Army has retained a significant presence in the area, and uses the nearby Sennelager Training Area.
Geography
Paderborn is situated at the source of the river Pader, approximately east of Lippstadt and approximately south of Bielefeld on the Pader. The hills of the Eggegebirge are located east of the city.Neighbouring municipalities
- Altenbeken
- Bad Lippspringe
- Borchen
- Delbrück
- Hövelhof
- Lichtenau
- Salzkotten
Subdivisions
- Paderborn
- Benhausen
- Dahl
- Elsen
- Marienloh
- Neuenbeken
- Sande
- Sennelager
- Schloß Neuhaus
- Wewer
Demographics
60% of the population are Catholics, 20% Lutherans and 20% members of other faiths or not religious.
Economy
Paderborn is the headquarters of the former Nixdorf Computer AG, which was acquired by Siemens in the early 1990s and known as Siemens-Nixdorf for about ten years. The company is now known as Diebold Nixdorf, which is still located in Paderborn, but Siemens retains a considerable presence in the city.Many other information technology
companies as well as industrial enterprises are located in Paderborn, too:
- Benteler AG
- Claas
- Deutsche Bahn AG
- dSPACE GmbH
- Flextronics
- Fujitsu Technology Solutions
- Orga Systems GmbH
- Secure Computing Corporation
- Siemens AG
- Zuken
Arts and culture
Paderborn has the largest computer museum in the world, the :de:Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum. From 2001 to 2005 it hosted the.The town supports the Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie for regular symphony concerts in the Paderhalle.
The city is known today for its exhibitions in three museums: the Kaiserpfalz, The Diocesan Museum and the Art Museum - Städtische Galerie.
Image gallery
Government
Town twinning
Paderborn is a sister city with:- Le Mans, France, officially since 1967, traditionally since 836
- Bolton, United Kingdom, since 1975
- Belleville, Illinois, U.S., since 1990
- Pamplona, Spain, since 1992
- Przemyśl, Poland, since 1993
- Debrecen, Hungary, since 1994
- Qingdao, China, since 2003
Sports
Paderborn Baskets (basketball)
In the past, the Paderborn Baskets played multiple seasons in the Basketball Bundesliga. They reached the playoffs in the 2008–09 season.SC Paderborn 07 (football)
is the most successful football club in Paderborn. They were promoted to the Bundesliga, Germany's top flight, in 2019 but relegated back to 2. Bundesliga at the end of the same season.The club was formed out of the 1985 merger of FC Paderborn and TuS Schloß Neuhaus as TuS Paderborn-Neuhaus and took on its current, shorter name in 1997. The Neuhaus club was founded in 1907 as SV 07 Neuhaus which was joined by the local side TuS 1910 Sennelager to become TuS Schloss Neuhaus in 1970. The Neuhaus and Paderborn teams played as tier III sides for most of their histories, as has the unified club. Today Paderborn plays its home matches at the Benteler Arena. In 2014, SC Paderborn was promoted to the Bundesliga for the first time. They are now in the top flight again after a thrilling promotion campaign.
Infrastructure
Transport
Paderborn is located at the Autobahn A 33, which connects Paderborn to the Autobahn A 2 in the north and the Autobahn A 44 in the south.The main station is a regular stop for the InterCity on the Hamm–Warburg line and several local trains.
The Paderborn Lippstadt Airport connects Paderborn to the bigger German airports and offers flights to many locations in Europe. There is a bus shuttle between the airport and the Paderborn main train station. General Aviation and gliders are based at Paderborn-Haxterberg.
In Paderborn there is a bus system served by the PaderSprinter for local buses and the Bahnbus Hochstift for regional buses.
Education
Paderborn was once the oldest academic site in Westphalia. In 1614, the University of Paderborn was founded by the Jesuits but was closed in 1819. It was re-founded in 1972 as Universität-Gesamthochschule and transformed into a university in its own right in 2002. Today, it is attended by about 20,000 students.There also are several theological and private academic institutes in Paderborn.
There are a number of grammar schools in the city, the most prominent of which are the :de:Theodorianum|Theodorianum and :de:Gymnasium St. Michael Paderborn|St. Michael Gymnasium, along with others such as the Goerdeler-Gymnasium. There are also a few British primary schools such as John Buchan School, which is located in Sennelager and mainly educates children of British military personnel and the garrison's employees.
Notable people
Historical
- Heinrich Aldegrever, Copper cutter, painter and seal cutter
- Carl Ferdinand Fabritius was a painter in the Bishopric of Paderborn
- Franz Anton Cramer was a German apothecary in Paderborn. Adlerapotheke at the Paderborn market. His generous support enabled the discovery of morphine.
- Sophie Schröder, singer and actress, the daughter of an actor, Gottfried Bürger. She made her first appearance in opera at St Petersburg in 1793
- Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner, pharmacist, first to isolate morphine from opium
- Therese Overstolz mother of Henry Overstolz the 24th mayor of St. Louis, Missouri
- Joseph Hermann Schmidt, Paderborn physician, director, Charité Birth Department, Berlin
- George Henry Backhaus was a Catholic priest and one of nine children of a boot merchant, missionary
- Franz von Löher, politician, jurist and historian
- Christoph Ernst Friedrich von Forcade de Biaix, owner of the estate, judge and member of the German Reichstag
- Julius von Ficker, German-Austrian historian
- Joseph F. Rigge S.J. was the first president of Marquette College in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Klara Cramer from Paderborn; mother of Hermann Löns journalist and writer.
- Aloys Loeher was an American sculptor, exhibited at the 1893 Columbian Exposition
- Karl von Plettenberg, a Prussian officer and later General of Infantry during World War I
- Clemens Baeumker, a Catholic philosopher and philosophy historian
- Augustus F. Fechteler was a Rear Admiral of the United States Navy during World War I
Modern
- Ella Bergmann-Michel, painter, photographer and documentary filmmaker
- Gustav Simon was Nazi Gauleiter in the Moselland Gau from 1940 until 1944 and Chief of the Civil Administration in occupied Luxembourg.
- Josef Wirmer, jurist and resistance fighter against National Socialism
- Friedrich Wilhelm Christians, a German banker, who was co-head of Deutsche Bank and President of the Association of German Banks
- Heinz Nixdorf, computer pioneer, entrepreneur and founder of Nixdorf Computer AG.
- Walter Salmen, musicologist
- Werner Franke, professor of cell and molecular biology
- Ulrich Vogt, teacher and non-fiction author
- Mechtild Rothe, politician and Member of the European Parliament
- Klaus Ehl, athlete
- Hans-Günther Vosseler, swimmer
- Franz-Josef Bode bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Osnabruck since 1995
- Andreas Fischer , football player
- Rüdiger Hoffmann, cabaret artist and musician
- Günter Kutowski retired footballer who played as a defender for Borussia Dortmund
- Martin Driller, footballer
- Bernd Hüttemann, is Vice President of the European Movement International and Secretary General of the European Movement Germany.
- Stefan Gödde, television presenter, radio presenter and reporter
- Reiner Plaßhenrich, footballer and coach
- Judith Rakers, journalist and television supporter
- Carsten Linnemann, economist and politician, member of the CDU, a member of the German Bundestag since 2009 representing Paderborn – Gütersloh III
- Jasmin Glaesser, moved to Canada at the age of eight, now Canadian cyclist
- Alexander Nübel, German footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Schalke 04
- Tolgay Ali Arslan, footballer