The town was named for Amos Patten, a resident of Bangor, Maine, who about 1828 purchased Township No. 4, Range 6, as it was then designated, for its vast timber supply. In 1829 Amos Patten hired Ira Fish and Eli Kellogg to survey the land. The surveyors soon asked permission to establish their homes in Patten. The town was incorporated on April 16, 1841 and given its present name at that time. By 1850 the population numbered 470, reaching 704 in 1870, and 716 residents in 1880. The town's infrastructure gradually appeared. In March, 1841 the Congregational Church was organized. Within a few years, citizens began agitating for local education. A bill to appoint Trustees of the Patten Academy passed the Maine legislature and was signed by the governor in 1847. The Patten Academy opened its doors with 61 students in September, 1848, and educated its residents for more than a century. Two factors explain Patten's comparatively early development, and its position as the major town of the Penobscot panhandle and southwestern Aroostook in the nineteenth century. First, it is the first town beyond the Mount Katahdin range, giving it access to the upper East Branch and lower Allagash River basins, which were leading lumbering areas. Its close proximity to several major rivers and streams allowed abundant water power but did not favor the development of large-scale industry, Small mills and workshops utilized its power during most of the town's history. Second, it has the best agricultural land in the proximity of those basins. As a result, lumbering stimulated very early development of commerce and farming; and the town early gained the status as the distribution center and cultural nexus of all the towns west of Houlton and north of Lincoln. It is situated at the intersection of Maine Rte. 11 and Maine State Route 159. The six buildings of the Bradford Farm in Patten are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and are now occupied by the Bradford HouseBed & Breakfast Inn.
Geography
Patten lies on the western edge of the Mattawamkeag River system basin, almost at the edge of the East Branch of the Penobscot River's basin. Two major Mattawamkeag tributaries occupy its area: in the north, Fish Stream, and in the south, small feeders of Molunkus Stream. Fish Stream is navigable by very small craft as far as Island Falls, around distance, for about six months of the year. In the early days of lumbering it was used to drive local cutting downstream, eventually to the mills at Old Town and Bangor. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, of which, of it is land and is water.
As of 2000 the median income for a household in the town was $26,900, and the median income for a family was $35,000. Males had a median income of $27,656 versus $15,987 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,384. About 12.4% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.1% of those under age 18 and 16.4% of those age 65 or over.
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,017 people, 447 households, and 283 families residing in the town. The population density was. There were 565 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 98.9% White, 0.1% Native American, 0.1% Asian, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.1% of the population. There were 447 households of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.8% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.7% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.73. The median age in the town was 47.6 years. 19.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.9% were from 25 to 44; 31.7% were from 45 to 64; and 22.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.
