Paul Foucher


Paul-Henri Foucher was a French playwright, theatre and music critic, political journalist, and novelist.

Biography

Early career

Foucher was born in Paris and began his career as an employee in the offices of the War Department. One day he visited the poet Alexandre Soumet, who asked Foucher whether he had read his brother-in-law's play Amy Robsart. "If you have not read it, there are some fine scenes in it." Later Foucher asked Hugo if he could look at the play, and Hugo, who had been planning to burn it, instead gave it to Foucher and consented to let him revise it. Hugo had written the first three acts himself at the age of nineteen. He had then shown it to Soumet, who had disliked it, so Hugo had given his approval for Soumet to alter and finish it. The play combined comedy and tragedy, and Foucher, under the influence of the enormous success of Shakespeare as recently performed in Paris, revised it further and produced it under his own name in 1829, but it was such a complete failure, that Hugo "came forward and avowed his own share in the production, taking responsibility of the non-success." Nevertheless, the whole affair did gain the young Foucher some notability. The play was never published, although Hugo gave the manuscript to Alexandre Dumas, père, "who had it for a long time in his possession."

Career as a dramatist

Foucher soon obtained employment as a journalist and proceeded to write a new play, Yseul Raimbaud, which was first presented at the Théâtre de l'Odéon on 17 November 1830. It was attacked by the classiques, "but all agreed that there was talent and vigor in it. From that time the author's success was assured."
He rapidly showed himself to be imaginative and prolific, producing in quick succession Saynètes, La Misère dans l'Amour, and Les Passions dans le Monde. As The New York Times was later to write: "Few literary men have been so active, or made so good a use of their time." His play Don Sébastien de Portugal, first produced at the Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin on 9 November 1838, was the inspiration for Eugène Scribe's libretto for Gaetano Donizetti's 1843 French grand opera Dom Sébastien. Herbert Weinstock, in his biography of Donizetti, has speculated that Foucher in turn may have been influenced by John Dryden's 1690 tragicomedy Don Sebastian. Foucher also contributed libretti for several operas and ballets, which "were not always impressive successes," but some for the Paris Opera "revealed a lively imagination and a feeling for the picturesque situations dear to the audiences of his time." These included Pierre-Louis Dietsch's opera Le Vaisseau fantôme, Adolphe Adam's opera Richard en Palestine, Edouard Deldevez's ballet-pantomime Paquita, and Count Nicolas Gabrielli's pantomime-ballet L'Étoile de Messine. Most of Foucher's dramatic works were written in collaboration with well-known authors including Mazilier, D'Ennery, Arvers, Anicet-Bourgeois, Berthet, Goubaux, Desnoyers, Lavergne, Régnier, Borri, Jarry, Herbin, Bouchardy, Duport, Delaporte, Alboize, and Jaime.

Career as a journalist and writer of nonfiction

In 1848 he began to engage in politics, becoming the Paris correspondent for L'Indépendance belge in Brussels. His submissions were "very remarkable" and "full of life and spirit, and also full of information." He also became a noted theatre and music critic, first for L'Opinion nationale, for which he later wrote a Monday column entitled "Revue dramatique et lyrique", then for La France in 1865, and finally for La Presse. "After Jules Janin he was the critic who was most respected and feared." Many of his reviews were collected and published in 1867 in book form as Entre cour et jardin: études et souvenirs du théâtre. In 1873 he published a collection of sketches of famous dramatists as Les Coulisses du passé and the book Les Sièges héroiques, which tells the stories of celebrated sieges from the liberation of Orléans by Joan of Arc in 1429 to the bombardment of Strasbourg in 1870.

Career as a novelist

Foucher published two serialized novels in La France and L'Opinion nationale. These were later published in book form: Le Guetteur de Cordouan in 1853, and La Vie du plaisir in 1860.

Personal traits

Foucher had several distinctive personal traits. He was so near-sighted, that in Paris he became a standard for comparison: myope comme Paul Foucher. His handwriting was so bad that the journals at which he worked had to employ a special copyist whose sole job was to carry out "Foucher translations". And he was notoriously absent-minded. Once he attended a ball thrown by the Turkish Ambassador, Ve'ly-Pasha. When it came time to leave, he searched his pockets for his coat-check number, but could not find it. The cloak-room attendant was unable to help him, so as the evening wore on Foucher requested the help of three Turkish guests in turn, each more decorated and high-ranking than the previous, but all without success. Finally the attendant said: ""You are a regular nightmare, you had better sit down and wait." Still without his coat at daybreak, Foucher finally decided to go home, where at last he discovered his coat and realized why he had lost his number. Many such stories were told about Foucher, "who took them all amiably and kindly."
Foucher was named Chevalier of the Legion of Honor on 29 April 1847. He died in Paris and was buried at Montparnasse Cemetery. Victor Hugo followed the hearse on foot, until eventually the acclamations of the crowds of the Quartier Latin forced him to retire to one of the mourning coaches. According to The New York Times, due to Foucher's "incessant labor", he "left his family in comfortable circumstances."

Works

Plays