Penal harm


Penal harm, an intentionally harsher punishment than "deprivation of liberty", is a range of unpleasant and misserble conditions and injuries justified by a certain idiology custodial sentences, inmates should endure additional pain and suffering, not just having their basic rights taken away, to make the punishment deliberately harder.
While proponents of judicial harm claim this improves the desirable deterrent effect of detention, it does form a controversial appendage of a body of theory known as retribution; its perception as cruelty rather than justice may endanger both internal security and prospects for rehabilitation and goes against the humane ideal of most human rights advocates, possibly qualifying legally as inhumane punishment, an infringement on human rights under the UN rules.
Although internal punishments, imposed by prison authorities, are not strictly penal harm as such, since they are not independent from the convict's behavior, arbitrary application and choice of cruel modes, including corporal punishment, perfectly fit the rationale.
Traditional forms include
In the 1990s and 2000s, penal harm has taken the form of poor health care for inmates; this includes the denial of medicine for patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS.
It must be pointed out that many of the physical harms can't also arise accidentally, as a result of understaffing, insufficient budget, or even legal considerations.