The Normal School Act of 1857 was passed on the last day of session on May 20, 1857. Its passage created 12 normal school districts in the state in which to establish private corporations answerable to the State Superintendent of Common Schools. Afterward, the School Code of 1911 mandated that the Commonwealth purchase all the normal schools. The normal schools evolved from state normal schools, to state teacher's colleges, to state colleges. Act 188, which was signed into law on November 12, 1982 and came into effect on July 1, 1983, established the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education, and converted those state colleges into universities.
Universities and related entities
The system is a composition of the following 14 universities in Pennsylvania:
State System universities also operate four branch campuses. The Office of the Chancellor is situated in the capital city ofHarrisburg at the Dixon University Center.
Mission
As established by the founding legislation, Act 188 of 1982, the primary mission of the State System of Higher Education "is the provision of instruction for undergraduate and graduate students to and beyond the Master's degree in the liberal arts and sciences, and in the applied fields, including the teaching profession." Additionally, the purpose of the State System is "to provide high quality education at the lowest possible cost to students."
Governance
A 20-member Board of Governors oversees the system. Additional power is vested in the Councils of Trustees at the constituent universities. Board of Governor's membership includes: four state legislators, three students, the Governor of the Commonwealth, the Pennsylvania Secretary of Education, and 11 citizens appointed by the governor and confirmed by the state senate. The Board of Governors sets general policy for the State System.
Almost 110,000 undergraduate and graduate, part-time and full-time, students attend State System universities. Nearly 90 percent are Pennsylvania residents and 80 percent remain in Pennsylvania after graduation. Minority enrollment is at an all-time high. A record total of 11,500 minority students—nearly 11 percent of the total student population—are taking classes at State System universities. There are more than 734,000 State System alumni, including more than 518,000 who live and work in Pennsylvania.
Facilities and employees
In total the university campuses comprise approximately 4,700 acres. A total of 862 buildings with nearly 25 million square feet house classrooms, residences, administrative offices, and student support services. The State System employs more than 13,700 professional and support staff, most covered by collective bargaining agreements. The various libraries are connected through the cooperative Keystone Library Network.