Pioneering is the art of using ropes and wooden spars joined by lashings and knots to create a structure. Pioneering can be used for constructing small items such as camp gadgets up to larger structures such as bridges and towers. These may be recreational, decorative, or functional. Pioneering is used to teach practical skills, teamwork and problem solving. It is widely used in Scouting and Girl Guiding. Many Scout and Guide groups train their members in pioneering skills and construct projects, both small and large. In camp, they may construct functional items like tables, camp dressers and gadgets, as well as decorative camp gateways. Pioneering is a common merit badge in many countries, and was required for the Eagle Scout rank in the 1920s and 1930s. The name comes from the 18th and 19th centurymilitary engineers who went ahead of an army to "pioneer" a route, which could involve building bridges and towers with rope and timber. Pioneering skills include knot tying, lashing, whipping, splicing, and skills related to the use, care and storage of ropes, spars and related pioneering equipment.
Basic knots
There are a number of basic knots used in pioneering:
Square lashing, which gets its name from the fact the wraps are “square” to the poles. Square Lashings bind poles that are in contact and cross each other at any angle from 45° to 90°
Diagonal lashing, used when securing two spars when they cross but do not touch as in the "X" of an H-frame trestle
Sheer lashing, used to join two poles in a scissors shape, to be spread out, most often to form the legs of an A-frame
Pioneering structures
These basic structures are the building blocks for a number of pioneering projects:
A-Frame: The basis of many tower structures. The horizontal member of the A-frame also makes a convenient springing point for a deck such as a table-top.
Trestle: Used as a modular element for building bridges and towers. Also used as a 'chariot' for inter-Patrol chariot races. Often referred to as X-Trestle or H-Trestle
Tripod: As end supports for swingbridges, dining tables, etc. and as the basis for the hourglass tower. A tripod is not considered secure unless its legs connected with cross braces, or are staked or otherwise attached to the ground.
