The sector has been known by naturalists since at least the XIXth century for its geological riches and its flora. To protect this deteriorating heritage, "La Valenne" association solicited the classification as national nature reserve of the most notable natural environments of the site known as Pointe de Givet in 1990. The classification procedure succeeded in 1999, and governing bodies have been designed in 2000.
Ecology (biodiversity, landscape interest...)
The nature reserve offers a landscape with multiple aspects, composed of forests, moors, dry lawns as well as spectacular rocky escarpments. Its interest is geological, floral and faunal. Five main natural habitat types can be found:
"mineral" substrates ;
habitats with short herbaceous vegetation ;
areas of shrub vegetation ;
afforestation ;
semi-natural anthropogenic habitats.
Geology
Givet Pointe geology presents several unusual aspects. Of educational interest, they justify National Nature Reserve classification. The Meuse valley deeply cuts into limestone and it is here that Jules Gosselet defined the Givétien stratotype in 1879. But rocks diversity is broad; in addition to a limestone known as, there are shales, sandstones, an old fluorite quarry and many fossils, notably trilobites. Some limestone caves complete the inventory with their stalactites and stalagmites.
Flora
The geographical location of Givet Pointe, spectacular relief of certain sites, existence of hot and dry micro-climates have allowed the development of a southern flora exceptional at this latitude. The nature reserve flora inventory reports 461 species, including 156 remarkable among which 11 are protected in Champagne-Ardenne. 35 species are registered on the Regional Red List like white mugwort '', the wild cotoneaster, cat's-foot, monkey orchid and bloody geranium,.
The nature reserve splitting into 11 entities leads to significant ecological fragmentation. Numerous after-effects of war dot the territory. In the absence of large wild herbivorous mammals, there is a tendency for open areas to become overgrown.
Tourism and educational interest
It is linked to natural habitats, landscapes and biodiversity they shelter, but also to geological riches of the site and its cultural aspects. Givet Point is an old traffic area of strategic interest that has left its mark:
The management is ensured by the Conservatory of natural spaces of Champagne-Ardenne and the National Forests Office Ardennes. The first management plan enabled restoration work thanks to brushcutting and mowing with export made by students, reintegration teams or "nature work camps". Goats have been used since 2005 to remove the bushes from part of the "Aviette Maurière ravines" by extensive grazing. An evaluation of the management plan was started in 2007. The second management plan 2008 - 2012 is completed.
Tools and legal status
The nature reserve was classified in application of the law of July 10, 1976 by a decree of March 4, 1999. Several protection perimeters overlap there: registered and classified sites, ZNIEFF types I and II, ZICO, ZSC, APPB...