Pseudocardinal


Pseudocardinals or Quasi-cardinals were the uncanonical Cardinals created by six of the Antipopes, in or rival to Rome, including two of Avignon Papacy and one of Pisa, as princes of their schismatic Catholic church.

Status

Their state, like the state of the antipopes and the anti-bishops these appointed/created, is disputed. Many pseudocardinals were created during the controversy between the Holy See and the Holy Roman Empire during the Western Schism, and some of the cardinals switched their obedience. The legitimacy of the Popes of the different obediences during the Western Schism was not a clear matter for their contemporaries. The terms antipope, pseudocardinal and anticardinal were not used at that time, but they are now used by some modern Roman Catholic historians.

Creations by Antipopes

The following Antipopes created pseudo-cardinals :

In Rome

; Antipope Anacletus II - 3 consistories, 8 pseudocardinals
  1. Consistory of 1130.03.29
  2. # Mr. Germano, Cardinal-Deacon
  3. # Mr. Gregorio Otone, Cardinal-Deacon
  4. # Father Pietro, O.S.B. Cas., Cardinal-Deacon
  5. Consistory of 1131
  6. # Mr. Donato, Cardinal-Priest
  7. # Mr. Anselmo, Cardinal-Priest
  8. # Mr. Rainaldo, Cardinal-Deacon
  9. # Mr. Matteo, Cardinal-Deacon
  10. Consistory of 1135.03.31 : only Fr. Benedetto, O.S.B. Cas., Cardinal-Priest
; Antipope Nicholas V - 4 consistories, 9 pseudocardinals
  1. Consistory of 1328.05.15
  2. # Giacomo Alberti, Bishop emeritus of Castello, Cardinal-Bishop
  3. # Bishop Franz Hermann, Cardinal-Bishop
  4. # Bonifazio Donoratico, O.P., Bishop of Chersonissos, Cardinal-Bishop
  5. # Bishop Nicola Fabriani, O.E.S.A., Cardinal-Priest
  6. # Father Pietro Oringa, Cardinal-Priest
  7. # Fr. Giovanni Arlotti, Cardinal-Deacon
  8. Consistory of 1328.09 : only Fr. Paolo da Viterbo, O.F.M., Cardinal-Deacon
  9. Consistory of 1329.01.19 : only Fr. Giovanni Visconti, Cardinal-Deacon
  10. Consistory of 1329 : only Pandolfo Capocci, Cardinal-Deacon
;'' Antipope Felix V - 4 consistories, 23 pseudocardinals
  1. ...

    In Avignon

; Antipope Clement VII - 12 consistories, 33 pseudocardinals
  1. Consistory of 1378.12.18
  2. # Giacomo d’Itri, Patriarch of Constantinople and Metropolitan Archbishop of Otranto, Cardinal-Priest
  3. # Niccolò Brancaccio, Metropolitan Archbishop of Cosenza, Cardinal-Priest
  4. # Pierre Amiel de Sarcenas, O.S.B. Clun., Metropolitan Archbishop of Embrun, Cardinal-Priest
  5. # Pierre-Raymond de Barrière, C.R.S.A., Bishop of Autun, Cardinal-Priest
  6. # Fr. Nicolas de Saint Saturnin, O.P., Master of the Sacred Palace of Prefecture of the Holy Apostolic Palaces, Cardinal-Priest
  7. # Fr. Leonardo Rossi da Giffoni, O.F.M., Minister General emeritus of Order of Friars Minor, Cardinal-Priest
  8. Consistory of 1381.03.19 : only Gautier Gómez de Luna, Bishop of Palencia
  9. Consistory of 1382.05.30 : only Fr. Tommaso Clausse, O.P., Cardinal-Priest
  10. Consistory of 1383.12.23 :
  11. # Pierre de Cros, O.S.B. Clun., Metropolitan Archbishop of Arles and Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church of Reverend Apostolic Camera, Cardinal-Priest
  12. # Faydit d’Aigrefeuille, O.S.B. Clun., Bishop of Avignon, Cardinal-Priest
  13. # Aymery de Magnac, Bishop of Paris, Cardinal-Priest
  14. # Fr. Jacques de Menthonay, Cardinal-Priest
  15. # Fr. Amedeo di Saluzzo, Bishop of Valence, Cardinal-Deacon
  16. # Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut, O.S.B. Clun., Bishop of Laon, Cardinal-Priest
  17. # Walter Wardlaw, Bishop of Glasgow, Cardinal-Priest
  18. # Jean de Neufchatel, Bishop of Toul, Cardinal-Priest
  19. # Fr. Pierre de Fetigny, Cardinal-Deacon
  20. Consistory of 1384.04.15 : only Fr. Pierre de Luxembourg, Bishop of Metz, Cardinal-Deacon
  21. Consistory of 1385.07.12 :
  22. # Bertrand de Chanac, Patriarch of Jerusalem and Apostolic Administrator of Le Puy-en-Velay, Cardinal-Priest
  23. # Fr. Tommaso Ammannati, Metropolitan Archbishop of Napoli, Cardinal-Priest
  24. # Giovanni Piacentini, Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Patrasso and Apostolic Administrator emeritus of Castello, Cardinal-Priest
  25. # Amaury de Lautrec, Bishop of Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges, Cardinal-Priest
  26. # Jean de Murol, Bishop of Genève, Cardinal-Priest
  27. # Jean Rolland, Bishop of Amiens, Cardinal-Priest
  28. # Jean Allarmet de Brogny, Bishop of Viviers, Cardinal-Priest
  29. # Pierre de Thury, Bishop of Maillezais, Cardinal-Priest
  30. Consistory of 1387.01 : only Jerónimo de Aragón, Bishop of Valencia, Cardinal-Priest
  31. Consistory of 1389.11.03 : only Jean de Talaru, Metropolitan Archbishop of Lyon, Cardinal-Priest
  32. Consistory of 1390.07.21 : only Martin de Zalba, Bishop of Pamplona, Cardinal-Priest
  33. Consistory of 1390.10.17
  34. # Jean Flandrin, Metropolitan Archbishop of Auch, Cardinal-Priest
  35. # Pierre Girard, Bishop of Le Puy-en-Velay, Cardinal-Priest
  36. Consistory of 1391.04.17 : only Guillaume de Vergy, Metropolitan Archbishop of Besançon, Cardinal-Priest
  37. Consistory of 1394.01.23 : only Pedro Fernández de Frías, Bishop of Osma, Cardinal-Priest
; Antipope Benedict XIII - 7 consistories, 19 pseudocardinals
  1. Consistory of 1395.12.24 : only Mr. Pierre Blain, Cardinal-Deacon
  2. Consistory of 1397.09.22
  3. # Fernando Pérez Calvillo, Bishop of Tarazona, Cardinal-Priest
  4. # Mr. Jofré de Boil, Cardinal-Deacon
  5. # Pedro Serra, Bishop of Catania, Cardinal-Priest
  6. Consistory of 1397.12.21
  7. # Berenguer de Anglesola, Bishop of Gerona, Cardinal-Priest
  8. # Mr. Bonifacio Ammannati, Cardinal-Deacon
  9. # Louis de Bar, Bishop-elect of Langres, Cardinal-Deacon
  10. Consistory of 1404.05.09
  11. # Mr. Miguel de Zalba, Cardinal-Deacon
  12. # Mr. Antonio de Challant, Cardinal-Deacon
  13. Consistory of 1408.09.22
  14. # Pierre Ravat, Canons Regular of Saint Augustine, Bishop of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières, Cardinal-Priest
  15. # Jean d’Armagnac, Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Auch, Cardinal-Priest
  16. # Friar Juan Martínez de Murillo, Cistercian Order, Cardinal-Priest
  17. # Fr. Carlos Jordán de Urriés y Pérez Salanova, Cardinal-Deacon
  18. # Mr. Alfonso Carrillo de Albornoz, Cardinal-Deacon
  19. Consistory of 1412.12.14 : only Mr. Pedro Fonseca, Cardinal-Deacon
  20. Consistory of 1423.05.22
  21. # Fr. Julián Lobera y Valtierra, Cardinal-Priest
  22. # Mr. Ximeno Dahe, Cardinal-Priest
  23. # Fr. Domingo de Bonnefoi, Carthusians, Cardinal-Priest
  24. # Bishop Jean Carrier, Cardinal-Priest

    In Pisa

; Antipope John XXIII - 4 consistories, 18 pseudocardinals
  1. Consistory of 1411.06.06
  2. # Francesco Lando, Latin Patriarch of Constantinople and Latin Patriarch emeritus of Grado, Cardinal-Priest
  3. # Antonio Panciera, Latin Patriarch of Aquileia, Cardinal-Priest
  4. # Alamanno Adimari, Metropolitan Archbishop of Pisa, Cardinal-Priest
  5. # João Afonso Esteves da Azambuja, Metropolitan Archbishop of Lisboa, Cardinal-Priest
  6. # Pierre d’Ailly, Bishop of Cambrai, Cardinal-Priest
  7. # Georg von Liechtenstein-Nicolsburg, Bishop of Trento, declined is uncanonical promotion
  8. # Tommaso Brancaccio, Bishop of Tricarico, Cardinal-Priest
  9. # Branda Castiglione, Bishop emeritus of Piacenza, Cardinal-Priest
  10. # Archbishop Thomas Langley, Bishop of Durham, Cardinal-Priest
  11. # Archbishop Robert Hallam, Bishop of Salisbury, Cardinal-Priest
  12. # Gilles Deschamps, Bishop of Coutances, Cardinal-Priest
  13. # Guglielmo Carbone, Bishop of Chieti, Cardinal-Priest
  14. # Father Guillaume Fillastre, Cardinal-Priest
  15. # Msgr. Lucido Conti, Cardinal-Deacon
  16. # Francesco Zabarella, Bishop of Firenze, Cardinal-Deacon
  17. Consistory of 1413.04.13 : only Simon de Cramaud, Latin Patriarch of Alexandria, Metropolitan Archbishop of Reims and Apostolic Administrator of Avignon, Cardinal-Priest
  18. Consistory of 1413.11.18 : only Fr. Giacomo Isolani, Cardinal-Deacon
  19. Consistory of 1414.09 : only Pierre de Foix, O.F.M., Bishop of Lescar, Cardinal-Priest