Pygoscelis
The genus Pygoscelis contains three living species of penguins collectively known as "brush-tailed penguins".
Taxonomy
suggests the genus split from other penguins around 38 million years ago, about 2 million years after the ancestors of the genus Aptenodytes. In turn, the Adelie penguins split off from the other members of the genus around 19 million years ago.;Extant species
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Pygoscelis adeliae | Adélie penguin | Antarctica | |
| Pygoscelis antarctica | Chinstrap penguin | Antarctica, Argentina, Bouvet Island, Chile, the Falkland Islands, the French Southern Territories, and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | |
| Pygoscelis papua | Gentoo penguin | Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and Kerguelen Islands |
;Fossil species
- Pygoscelis grandis
- Pygoscelis calderensis
- Pygoscelis tyreei