RNCHAMPS
RNCHAMPS is a mnemonic acronym used to recall the types of shock. The mnemonic is alternately known as CRAMPS NH or NH-CRAMPS. Its utility in distinguishing types of shock has been discussed in medical literature and reference material concerning emergency medicine, emergency medical services, fire rescue, and specialized courses such as the Comprehensive Advanced Life Support Program.
The acronym
Component of acronym | Examples: Traumatic Causes | Examples: Medical Causes | |
R | Respiratory | Flail chest; tension pneumothorax; pleural effusion | Hypoxemia due to COPD, asthma, pulmonary edema |
N | Neurogenic | Traumatic brain injury; cervical or high thoracic spinal cord injury | |
C | Cardiogenic | Cardiac tamponade; tension pneumothorax; pulmonary embolism | Left ventricular myocardial infarction; cardiomyopathy; bradydysrhythmias |
H | Hypovolemic | Hemorrhage; burns | Dehydration; diarrheal diseases; aortic aneurysm |
A | Anaphylactic | Anaphylaxis | |
M | Metabolic | Hypoventilation due to traumatic brain injury or tension pneumothorax | Diabetic ketoacidosis; hypoventilation due to COPD, asthma, or severe pneumonia |
P | Psychogenic | Sudden emotional stimulus, i.e. terror, elation, or surprise | |
S | Septic | Osteomyelitis; infections secondary to burns | Meningitis; bacteremia; pyelonephritis; upper respiratory infection |