Reading Rainbow
Reading Rainbow is an American half-hour educational children's television series that aired on PBS Kids from June 6, 1983 to November 10, 2006, with a total of 155 half-hour episodes spanning over 21 seasons. The show encouraged children to read. In 2012, an iPad and Kindle Fire educational interactive book reading and video field trip application was launched bearing the name of the program.
The public television series garnered over 200 broadcast awards, including a Peabody Award and 26 Emmy Awards, 10 of which were in the "Outstanding Children's Series" category. The concept of a reading series for children originated with Twila Liggett, PhD who in partnership with Cecily Truett Lancit and Larry Lancit, at Lancit Media Productions in New York created the television series. The original team also included Lynne Brenner Ganek, Ellen Schecter, and host LeVar Burton.
Each episode centered on a topic from a featured children's book which was explored through a number of segments or stories. The show also recommended books for children to look for when they went to the library. It is the third-longest running children's series in PBS history, after Sesame Street and Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. It was also one of the first PBS shows to be broadcast in stereo.
After the show's cancellation on November 10, 2006, reruns aired until August 28, 2009, when it was pulled off from the schedule. On June 20, 2012, the Reading Rainbow App was released for the iPad and, within 36 hours, became the #1 most-downloaded educational app in the iTunes App Store. Built from the ground up by LeVar Burton and his company, RRKIDZ, the app allows children to read unlimited books, explore video field trips starring Burton, and earn rewards for reading. The week of June 11, 2013, Reading Rainbow celebrated its 30th anniversary.
In May 2014, a Kickstarter campaign was launched to raise funds to make the app available online, Android, game consoles, smartphones, and other streaming devices along with creating a classroom version with the subscription fee waived for up to 13,000 disadvantaged classrooms. The effort met its initial fundraising goal of $1,000,000 in 11 hours. The campaign met its second goal of $5 million in the last 24 hours, triggering a matching $1 million from Family Guy creator/animator Seth MacFarlane; the final amount raised on Kickstarter is $5,408,916 from 105,857 backers.
Show details
Reading Rainbow was hosted by actor and executive producer LeVar Burton, who at the time was known for his role in Roots.The show was produced first by Lancit Media Entertainment from 1983 to 2001, and then, by On-Screen Entertainment from 2002 to 2006.
Every episode featured a different book, often narrated by a celebrity. Celebrity readers included Philip Bosco, Michael Ansara, Josie de Guzman, Jason Robards, Phylicia Rashad, Bill Cosby, Eartha Kitt, and Charles Kimbrough. The featured story would often have still shots of the book's illustrated pages shown in succession, although on certain occasions the shots would be animated. After the featured story, Burton visited settings related to the episode's theme, often featuring interviews with guests. One episode featured a behind-the-scenes look at . The last segment of each show, called Book Reviews recommended by children, began with Burton's introductory catchphrase, "But you don't have to take my word for it," and featured children giving capsule reviews of books they liked. Burton ended almost every episode with the phrase "I'll see you next time."
The series' pilot, which aired as the show's 8th episode in 1983, featured the book Gila Monsters Meet You at the Airport by Marjorie Weinman Sharmat and was narrated by Doug Parvin. It was created and produced in 1981.
The daughters of producer Larry Lancit, Shaune and Caitlin Lancit, were often featured in the series, notably as the children thanking the sponsors at the beginning and end of the show.
Theme song and opening sequence
The show's theme song was written by Steve Horelick, Dennis Neil Kleinman, and Janet Weir; Horelick also served as the series' music director and composer and received an Emmy nomination in 2007 for his work on the series. Over the show's 23-year run, it went through three different versions of the theme song.The original theme was performed by Tina Fabrique and featured one of the first uses of the Buchla synthesizer in a TV theme song. The original opening sequence, which consisted of an animated butterfly transforming the surroundings of young children reading books into animated fantasy lands, was used until August 1999. The introductory animation was drawn at Oldfather Studios in Lawrence, Kansas on the University of Kansas campus and animated by the late Michael Sporn.
In September 1999, episodes began using a new live-action opening sequence and featured CGI in a space-themed world, with the same theme song performed first by Johnny Kemp.
A third intro was used starting in May 2000. The opening sequence is mostly the same as the second one, but this time featuring Burton replacing some of the animated elements.
Final years as TV series (2005–06)
Original production was to have ended after April 4, 2005, with the show continuing to air in reruns, but host LeVar Burton said on February 7, 2006, that five new episodes of the show would be shot in 2006 despite the continuing financial issues of PBS. The show aired its final episode on November 10, 2006.Relaunch as an app
Announcement and early developments (2010–14)
Former executive producer LeVar Burton announced on his Twitter feed on March 19, 2010, that "Reading Rainbow 2.0 is in the works." On March 4, 2012, he announced that it was the "last day of shooting before launch!"On June 13, 2012, in a special presentation at Apple Inc's annual World Wide Developers Conference, Burton and his business partner, Mark Wolfe, introduced the new Reading Rainbow iPad App. It became available in Apple's iTunes Store on June 20, 2012, and within 36 hours was the #1 educational app. In January 2014, the Reading Rainbow App surpassed 10M books read and video field trips watched by children in 18 months.
Kickstarter revival campaign and aftermath (2014–17)
On May 28, 2014, LeVar Burton started a Kickstarter fund to revive the show and materials. In under 12 hours the show had reached its $1 million goal. The new goal is to create an educational version for schools to use, free of cost to those schools in need, and help America get back to high literacy rates. They are also going to create a website for students to use to assist them with learning how to read. The following day, May 29, 2014, they reached two million dollars at 1:15 pm. PST. The campaign raised $5,408,916 on Kickstarter with another one million from Family Guy creator/animator Seth MacFarlane, and $70,000 raised via direct contributions. The grand total was $6,478,916.With 105,857 backers, the campaign holds Kickstarter's record for most backers and is the 8th highest amount raised on Kickstarter.
In March 2016, Burton launched a new online educational service called Reading Rainbow Skybrary for Schools that follows the same mission of the television series, while expanding to integrate into classroom curriculums.
In August 2017, WNED filed a wide-ranging lawsuit against Burton and RRKidz that demands Burton's company hand over administrative access to other websites and social media accounts. The lawsuit also seeks to enjoin Burton from using the Reading Rainbow catchphrase, "But you don't have to take my word for it," on his podcast. As of October 2017, visiting the official Reading Rainbow website provides a page which states that "Recent legal disputes between WNED and LeVar Burton/RRKIDZ have been resolved and RRKIDZ no longer licenses the Reading Rainbow brand from WNED. WNED is currently working on the next chapter of Reading Rainbow and will continue its mission of fostering education for a new generation."
Accolades
Animation producers
Feature Book filming
The photographing of the Feature Book segments was by:- Centron Films
- Loren Dolezal ; Take Ten Animation teamed up with Dolezal from 1995–98.
- On Screen Entertainment
- , designer of the digital animation photography system used by Centron Films to film the Feature Book segments
Guest readers and contributors
- Marv Albert
- Jason Alexander
- Maya Angelou
- Michael Ansara
- Lucie Arnaz
- Edward Asner
- James Avery
- Hoyt Axton
- Julia Barr
- Angela Bassett
- Orson Bean
- Philip Bosco
- Reizl Bozyk
- Wayne Brady
- Jeff Bridges
- Fran Brill
- Matthew Broderick
- Ruth Buzzi
- David Canary
- Jose Canseco
- Diahann Carroll
- Dixie Carter
- Lacey Chabert
- Julia Child
- Roy Clark
- Kevin Clash
- Imogene Coca
- James Coco
- Tim Conway
- Bill Cosby
- Denise Crosby
- Jim Cummings
- Jane Curtin
- Tyne Daly
- Keith David
- Ossie Davis
- Ruby Dee
- Josie de Guzman
- Brian Dennehy
- Phyllis Diller
- Michael Dorn
- Ann Duquesnay
- Eliza Dushku
- Buddy Ebsen
- Georgia Engel
- Hector Elizondo
- Fernando Escandon
- Lola Falana
- Peter Falk
- Jamie Farr
- Barbara Feldon
- Tovah Feldshuh
- Ron Foster
- Jonathan Frakes
- Vincent Gardenia
- Richard Gere
- Jack Gilford
- Whoopi Goldberg
- Jane Goodall
- Robert Guillaume
- Lorne Greene
- Ed Harris
- Jo Hayden
- Jim Henson
- William Hickey
- Gregory Hines
- Anna Holbrook
- Lena Horne
- Beth Howland
- Scott Irby-Ranniar
- Anne Jackson
- Victoria Jackson
- James Earl Jones
- Raul Julia
- Madeline Kahn
- Carol Kane
- Charles Kimbrough
- Regina King
- Eartha Kitt
- Gene Klavan
- Linda Lavin
- Robin Leach
- Michael Learned
- Maya Lin
- Viveca Lindfors
- Amy Linker
- Keye Luke
- Michele Mariana
- Olga Merediz
- Andrea McArdle
- Gates McFadden
- Bobby McFerrin
- Mark McGwire
- Marilyn Michaels
- Stephanie Mills
- Helen Mirren
- Robert Morse
- Fred Newman
- Jerry Orbach
- Corinne Orr
- Frank Oz
- Jane Pauley
- Peter Pitofsky
- Faith Prince
- Freddie Prinze Jr.
- Keshia Knight Pulliam
- Gilda Radner
- Phylicia Rashad
- Lou Rawls
- Alaina Reed
- Lionel Richie
- Jason Robards
- Al Roker
- Zelda Rubinstein
- Run-D.M.C.
- Lea Salonga
- Isabel Sanford
- Susan Sarandon
- Josh Saviano
- John Sebastian
- Pete Seeger
- Martin Short
- Marina Sirtis
- Phoebe Snow
- Brent Spiner
- Arnold Stang
- Stomp
- Patrick Stewart
- Jerry Stiller
- Regina Taylor
- Lynne Thigpen
- Sada Thompson
- Lauren Tom
- Michelle Trachtenberg
- Leslie Uggams
- Ben Vereen
- Ralph Waite
- Bree Walker
- Eli Wallach
- Steve Whitmire
- William Windom
- Michael Winslow
- Hattie Winston
- Alfre Woodard
Writing and illustrating contest