Resolute Forest Products
Resolute Forest Products, formerly known as AbitibiBowater Inc., is a pulp, paper, tissue, and wood products manufacturer headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, formed by the merger of Bowater and Abitibi-Consolidated, which was announced 29 January 2007. At the time, AbitibiBowater was the third largest pulp and paper company in North America, and the eighth largest in the world. On 1 July 2012, the company name changed to Resolute Forest Products. Resolute Forest Products is a member of the Forest Products Association of Canada and the American Forest & Paper Association.
History
On 29 January 2007, Bowater Inc and Abitibi-Consolidated announced they would be merging to create AbitibiBowater. The merger created the third largest pulp and paper company in North America, and the eighth largest in the world. On 16 April 2009 the company filed for bankruptcy protection in the United States and similar protection under the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act in Canada, eventually reporting debt of about US$6 billion. The company won court approval for an injection of $206 million to get it through its financial restructuring in April 2009 and emerged from creditor protection on 9 December 2010. AbitibiBowater changed its operating name to Resolute Forest Products on 1 July 2012.Predecessor companies
The following are the principal predecessor companies of Resolute:Operations
Resolute Forest Products is headquartered in Montreal, Quebec and operates over 40 facilities across Canada and the United States.| Country | Pulp, tissue and paper | Sawmills | Remanufactured wood | Engineered wood | Wood pellets |
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Sustainability
Resolute Forest Products became a member of the World Wildlife Fund's Climate Saver's Program on 10 November 2011 with a commitment to “reduce their absolute greenhouse gas emissions by 65 per cent by 2015 below 2000 levels”. In 2018, Resolute reported an 81 percent reduction in GHG emissions.In 2017, Resolute took a 49% interest in the Toundra Greenhouse, a $100 million greenhouse project in northern Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec that produces cucumbers using renewable energy. CO2 Solutions Inc. deployed a carbon capture technology, capturing 30 tons of CO2 per day from Resolute's adjacent pulp mill which will be transported to the greenhouse and thereby reduce its use of natural gas.
On May 27, 2019, Resolute, in partnership with FPInnovations, commissioned a new bio-refinery plant in Thunder Bay, Ontario called the TMP-Bio plant with support from the local, provincial and federal government.
On January 15, 2020 Resolute announced a $27 million investment, with the support from the governments of Quebec and Canada, to establish a cellulose filament plant at its Kénogami, Quebec paper mill. Cellulose filaments are reinforcing agents derived from wood fiber and can be used in commercial and consumer applications such as transportation and construction.
Philanthropy
In the wake of Hurricane Harvey in 2017, Resolute donated a rail car of lumber to Houston and surrounding communities to help with recovery efforts. Resolute also partnered with Southern Structures, Inc. and Habitat for Humanity after Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria, donating lumber to build homes and sending other supplies to Florida and Puerto Rico.Issues
Employees
On 10 August 2012, the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada expressed criticism of the company's attempts to renegotiate pension contributions with their pension underfunded by approximately $1.9 billion. On 3 May 2013, it was reported that an agreement was put in place which may address the ongoing pension dispute with Resolute agreeing to increase its pension payments and “stabilize the pension plan over the next decade.”On 21 June 2017, representatives of Quebec trade unions National Union of Pulp and Paper Workers of Alma, Central Council of National Unions of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, and the Federation of the Manufacturing Industry spoke out against a campaign by Greenpeace to boycott Resolute's pulp and paper products, saying that it would harm hundreds of workers and their families.
On 16 April 2018, Unifor reached a tentative deal with Resolute to serve as a pattern agreement for workers at pulp and paper mills across eastern Canada in Ontario, Quebec and other Atlantic regions. In May 2018, Resolute mill employees in Thunder Bay, Ontario approved the deal, which increased wages while improving pension plans and benefits.
Environmental accreditations
On 29 August 2013 a case study examining the use of Forest Stewardship Council Controlled Wood system by Resolute was released. The report concludes that Resolute's improper application of Forest Stewardship Council standards threatens the integrity of the FSC system and brand. On 1 January 2014, after a successful appeal by the Grand Council of the Crees, three FSC certificates covering more than 8 million hectares of forest were suspended. FSC found violations of its principles relating to indigenous Peoples’ rights, environmental impacts, forest benefits, monitoring and assessment, and High Conservation Value forests.In November 2015, Resolute's FSC certification in the Black Spruce/Dog River-Matawin forest in northwestern Ontario was reinstated.
As of 2018, all of Resolute's managed woodlands are third-party certified to either FSC or Sustainable Forestry Initiative standards.
Greenpeace
Resolute Forest Products has been criticized by Greenpeace and other organizations for advancing logging and road building in endangered species habitat in Québec and Ontario.On 18 May 2010, Resolute Forest Products joined 29 other organizations including Greenpeace Canada and the David Suzuki Foundation to become a founding member of the Canadian Boreal Forest Agreement. The agreement formalizes the members’ commitments to conserving vast areas of forests and enabling the legislated protection of large-scale areas that are needed to preserve threatened species such as woodland caribou. Claiming a lack of progress on delivering results within the CBFA, particularly on the creation of protected areas and caribou conservation plans, Greenpeace Canada and Canopy, two founding signatories, departed the agreement in December 2012 and April 2013 respectively. Other environmental organizations suspended work with Resolute on May 21, 2013 announcing that "Resolute will not do the minimum that the science says is required to protect our forests and the threatened caribou that call them home."
Greenpeace Canada released a report examining Resolute's sustainability claims in May 2013, alleging that the company is deceiving customers about the sustainability of their forestry operations and their interactions with communities, First Nations and workers. Greenpeace withdrew an earlier criticism of Resolute Forest Products on 19 March 2013 noting that a December 2012 campaign against the company “incorrectly stated that Resolute had breached the Canadian Boreal Forest Agreement”.
On 23 May 2013, Resolute filed a $7,000,000 defamation lawsuit against Greenpeace Canada and two of its staff in Ontario Superior Court alleging the organization interfered with economic relations with their customers. In response Greenpeace launched a legal defense fund and characterized the lawsuit as a Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation. In September 2016, the Ontario Superior Court dismissed Resolute's defamation action on the grounds it was designed to "greatly expand the scope of the litigation and transform the trial into an inquiry into Greenpeace." The logging company responded saying the "court decision does not in any way diminish the claims against Greenpeace of defamation and intentional interference with commercial relations."
In May 2016, Resolute filed a $300 million-dollar lawsuit in Atlanta, Georgia using the United States' RICO Act against Greenpeace. The complaint alleges that the environmental group is a "global fraud" that is tricking people in both the US and around the world into donating "millions of dollars based on materially false and misleading claims about its purported environmental purpose and its “campaigns” against targeted companies." In January 2017, Greenpeace asked a court in Georgia for the case to be dismissed on the grounds that RICO "is simply an intimidation tactic that would set a dangerous precedent if successful" because Resolute "is trying to silence critics of its logging practices in Canada's boreal forests." In June 2017 several major book publishers including Penguin Random House and HarperCollins have had to respond to Resolute's RICO action after a petition, which was signed by more than 100 authors in support of Greenpeace, was presented at BookExpo 2017, the USA's publishing trade show. The petition's signatories are concerned that RICO - in this particular action - is a legal attempt to stymie free speech.