Rhizome Manoeuvre is a key concept in contemporary warfare tactics, techniques, and procedures.
Definition
Rhizome Manoeuvre is a combat technique, specifically designed to achieve 'surprise', as a tactical effect.
It is a tactical technique used in urban combat, to effectively strike a sudden blow at the opponent from an unexpected direction.
A Rhizome Manoeuvre is the application of an urban combat technique, that is performed by moving forces, and has been called a strategy of ‘walking through walls'.
However, the criticism of writers such as Eyal Weizman, and Flaherty, emphasize the realities of moving through the urban built environment executing a rhizome manoeuvre, requires a force to assemble behind walls, under floors, or overhead on rooftops in order to break through.
Key concepts
The key concepts of a Rhizome Manoeuvre, involves small decentralized forces:
Moving at speed.
Through the three dimensionalurban space as if it is without walls, floors, or ceilings outside of the normal linear routes, such as streets, doors, windows, and stairs that make up buildings.
In essence, Rhizome Manoeuvre is movement unobserved, and unexpected, and is based on tactical concepts such as:
Deliberate erratic actions, and erratic attacks; and,
In developing the tactical concept of Rhizome Manoeuvre, the Rhizome observed in nature, such as the complex movement of plant root structures, where these work their way through soil, has been seen as analogous to the movement of a combat unit though complex urban built-up environments; and used as a way to explain the key tactical ideas of a Rhizome Manoeuvre.
Historical origin
Infiltration tactics, used in World War I, by assault parties have been identified as an early development of Rhizome manoeuvre. As this involved small units of troops moving toward, and through opposing trenches, through infiltration of various weak points, in order to launch surprise attacks overwhelming the defenders. During the Battle of Ortona, the Canadian Army developed a tactic known as mouse-holing, which involved using anti-tank weapons to blast holes through walls of adjacent buildings, allowing the assaulting forces to advance through the hole into the adjacent space. In 1997, the US Army began to identify future warfare concepts, such as Rhizome manoeuvre, describing: "Future land combat units will exploit terrain by maneuvering for tactical advantage within the folds and undulations of the earth's surface without suffering the restrictions imposed on mobility by contact with the ground."
Various application of Rhizome Manoeuvre, have been developed by the Israel Defense Forces, during its operations; these have been the subject of critical analysis by Eyal Weizman, in particular his essay on Lethal Theory, which appeared as a chapter in his 2007 book Hollow Land: Israel's Architecture of Occupation, as "Urban Warfare: Walking Through Walls". In this work, Weizman interviewed senior IDF officers, involved in the Nablus Manoeuvre, where they described IDF tactical concepts such as Rhizome Manoeuvre; as well, Weizman collected accounts from civilians who experienced these events. This work, was first presented in Weizman's 2006 article 'Lethal Theory'.
