In September 1969, Abrams founded the first chapter of the National Organization for Women in Orange County, California, which was also the first major feminist organization in the county. In 1970 she served as vice president and the following year, she was president. The organization would find its base membership with members of the Unitarian faith, where Abrams was an active member. Abrams stated that many of the women who attended did so in secret, not wanting their husbands to know, and that the term "women's liberation" was considered a "dirty word" at the time. That year, 1971, she found the Orange County Feminist Repertory Theater, one of the first feminist theaters in the U.S.. The theater served as a unique venue for subjects that weren't being covered by other theaters in the area, specifically related to politics and women's rights. That same year, Abrams wrote "Myth America: How Far Have You Really Come?" which allowed Abrams to express her political and social views, and help raise funds for the NOW chapter with the play's performance. The play's first performance was held in Sacramento at the first California NOW conference. Abrams and her husband funded the rental payments for the first pro-choice feminist women's health clinic in Orange County, in 1973. The couple, along with other members of NOW and regional churches, were active in fighting against violence towards pro-choice women's clinics. Abrams described their role as defending clinics "from being burned and destroyed, by staying overnight, sleeping in our cars, and securing the doors with our bodies." Abrams, along with five other women, picketed the Orange County Medical Center, demanding women's rights for abortions, after 47 women were denied abortions at the hospital due to a moratorium being placed on the procedure. The moratorium was started after protests by physicians, claiming that they were overworked due to having to perform over 20 abortions a week. The protest was organized by Abrams and the newly founded Orange County NOW chapter. During the protest she carried a sign reading: "If Men Bore Children, Abortion Laws Wouldn't Exist." Three years later the United States Supreme Court legalized abortion with Roe vs. Wade. In 1976, Abrams wrote and performed an original piece about Martha Beall Mitchell, which she performed during the bicentennial during the fifth annual California NOW conference.
In 1996, Abrams was awarded the Veteran Feminists of America Medal of Honor by NOW. As of 1997, Abrams had started a new program for the theater, focusing on local issues in the county and United States, believing that "...there are things that our country has been instrumental in doing that perpetuate the oppression of womenall over the world." Abrams was later diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, and served as a greeter at the local Unitarian church. Rosalie Abrams died on January 4, 2010, from complications related to Alzheimer's disease.
Abrams believed that despite strong efforts to unite women and fight sexism, those efforts "are now being slowly eroded." She supported the passing of the Equal Rights Amendment, which she believed would help women reach not only general equality with men, but equality in the workplace. Abrams also believes that abortion rights are still in need of fighting, stating that, despite the success of Roe vs. Wade, "things don't happen in straight lines. The more successful you are, the worse the backlash becomes."
