Broekhoff, a 6'7" swingman from Frankston, Victoria, played at the prestigious Australian Institute of Sport, where he caught the attention of Valparaiso University assistant coach Chris Sparks. As a result, Broekhoff chose Valparaiso in Valparaiso, Indiana. After playing a support role in his freshman season, Broekhoff entered the starting line-up as a sophomore, scoring 10.3 points and collecting 5.2 rebounds per game. He led the Horizon League in three-point field goal percentage at 44.8% and placed sixth in the conference in blocked shots with 1.1 per contest. As a junior in 2011–12, Broekhoff became one of the top players in the Horizon League. He averaged 14.8 points, 8.6 rebounds and 2.3 assists per game and led the Crusaders to the conference regular-season title and a National Invitation Tournament bid. At the end of the season, he was named Horizon League Player of the Year and an honourable mention All-American by the Associated Press. In Broekhoff's final season at Valparaiso, he averaged a college-career high 15.7 points per game while averaging 7.3 rebounds and 2.3 assists in 32.2 minutes per game. Although he produced high numbers, he fell short in the conference MVP race to Detroit's Ray McCallum Jr.. Broekhoff led his team to a 26–7 record and the top seed in the Horizon League tournament. With less than 10 seconds remaining in the semi-final game against Green Bay-Wisconsin, Valparaiso was down 2 and Broekhoff drove the ball up the court and threw up a miracle shot. While landing on his back near the scorer's table, the ball went straight through the net sending Valparaiso to the title game. The Crusaders won the title game against Wright State and clinched a NCAA Tournament berth. Valparaiso drew Michigan State for their first game and fell short 65–54. Broekhoff scored 8.
Professional career
Beşiktaş (2013–2015)
Broekhoff went undrafted in 2013 NBA draft. On 5 August 2013, Broekhoff signed a one-year deal with the option of a second with Beşiktaş Integral Forex from Turkey. In the summer of 2014, he took up the option on his contract, re-signing with Beşiktaş. In July 2015, Broekhoff joined the Denver Nuggets for the 2015 NBA Summer League. On 24 August 2015, he parted ways with Beşiktaş.
On 6 August 2018, Broekhoff signed a two-year contract with the Dallas Mavericks. He made his NBA debut on 17 October 2018, recording 3 points in four minutes, in a 100–121 loss against the Phoenix Suns. He was waived on 11 February 2020 in order to sign Michael Kidd-Gilchrist who was waived by his draft team the Charlotte Hornets on 8 February.
Philadelphia 76ers (2020–present)
On 27 June 2020, the Philadelphia 76ers announced that they had signed Broekhoff for the remainder of the season.
International career
Broekhoff was a member of Australia's entry in both the 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Championship in Auckland, New Zealand and the 2011 Summer Universiade in Shenzhen, China. He continued his career with the national basketball program in 2012 as he was invited to the trials for the Australia's 2012 London Olympic team. Broekhoff was one of the last cuts on the squad, making the final 14 before being released. In 2013, Broekhoff competed in the 2013 Stanković Cup and World University Games, winning gold and silver, respectively. In August 2013, he was named in the Boomers' 2013 FIBA Oceania Championship squad to take on New Zealand in a two-game series. Broekhoff was named in the Australian squad for the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup. He impressed coach Andrej Lemanis during several warm-up games and subsequently earned a place in the starting lineup during the tournament. Broekhoff returned to the Boomers' starting line-up for the two-game FIBA Oceania Championship series against New Zealand in August 2015. Broekhoff was part of the Australian men's squad at the 2016 Rio Olympics, and is still listed on the Australian roster for the upcoming 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics.