Sail (submarine)
In naval parlance, the sail or fin of a submarine is the tower-like structure found on the dorsal surface of submarines. Submarine sails once housed the conning tower, the periscope, radar and communications masts, though most of these functions have now been relocated to the hull proper. In the US Navy, the structure is frequently called a fairwater, and diving planes mounted on it are called fairwater planes.
When above the water's surface, the sail serves as an observation platform. It also provides an entrance and exit point on the submarine that has enough freeboard to prevent the submarine being swamped. Under water, the sail acts as a vertical stabilizer. In some submarines, the sail also supports diving planes, which are control surfaces used for underwater stability and steering.
