Santa Maria della Quercia, Rome
Santa Maria della Quercia is a Roman Catholic church located on the piazza of the same name, one block southeast of the Palazzo Farnese in the Rione of Regola of central Rome, Italy.
History
A prior church at the site was named San Niccolò de Curte or de Ferro, with the latter name likely referring to the Capodiferro family who once owned the nearby Palazzo Spada in the contiguous Piazza Capo di Ferro.
In 1507, Pope Julius II allowed for the church to represent Viterbo, and the church was renamed after a venerated image of the Virgin from that town that had initially been hung on an oak tree. In addition the quercia or oak was the emblem on the heraldic shield of the House of Della Rovere, to which Pope Julius belonged. In the piazza in front, an oak tree is traditionally planted. In 1532, the Pope Clement VII granted the church to the guild of the Butchers, to whom it still belongs. Pope Benedict XIII in the early 18th century entrusted the reconstruction to Filippo Raguzzini, later completed by Domenico Gregorini by 1731.
In the 19th century, restorations were again pursued by Pope Pius IX, and other continued after the Second World War. The church layout is in a Greek cross with a cupola and three chapels. In the main altar is a replica of the icon of the Madonna della Quercia di Viterbo. The ceiling has a painting of the Sacrifice of Isaac by Sebastiano Conca. To the right of the entrance is a depiction of the Baptism of Christ by Pietro Barbieri and to the left of the entrance, a Crucifixion by Filippo Evangelista.
