Savona
Savona is a seaport and comune in the west part of the northern Italian region of Liguria, capital of the Province of Savona, in the Riviera di Ponente on the Mediterranean Sea.
Savona used to be one of the chief seats of the Italian iron industry, having iron-works and foundries, shipbuilding, railway workshops, engineering shops, and a brass foundry.
One of the most celebrated former inhabitants of Savona was the navigator Christopher Columbus, who farmed land in the area while chronicling his journeys. 'Columbus's house', a cottage situated in the Savona hills, lay between vegetable crops and fruit trees. It is one of several residences in Liguria associated with Columbus.
History
Inhabited in ancient times by Ligures tribes, it came under Roman influence in 180 BC, after the Punic wars in which the city had been allied to Carthage. At the fall of the Western Roman Empire, it passed under Lombard rule in 641 AD after a short period as an Ostrogoth and then Byzantine possession. Later it recovered as county seat in the Carolingian Empire. In the 10th century its bishops were counts of Savona, but later the countship passed to the marquesses of Montferrat and afterwards to the marquesses Del Vasto.After a long struggle against the Saracens, Savona acquired independence in the 11th century, becoming a free municipality allied with the Emperor. Savona was the center of religious culture due to the work of two important monasteries: Dominican and Franciscan. Subsequently, it fought against Genoa before being definitively conquered in 1528. The Genoese destroyed the upper town and buried the port. It then shared the fortunes of the Republic of Genoa until Napoleonic times. In 1809 the city received Pope Pius VII, prisoner of Napoleon Bonaparte, for a few years. Between April and mid-May 1800, Austrian forces besieged the city while a small British naval force maintained a blockade; the fortress surrendered on 15 May. Subsequently, Savona was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont. Eventually, it became part of unified Italy.
Main sights
Churches
- The Cattedrale dell'Assunta, built after Genoese demolition of the old cathedral. It kept the relics of Saint Valentine.
- The Cappella Sistina, adjacent to the Cathedral and built 1480-1483, it containing the Mausoleum erected by the Della Rovere Pope Sixtus IV to honor his parents, Leonardo Della Rovere and Luchina Monleone. The construction was commissioned by Giovanni D'Aria and his brother Michele. The chapel is architecturally similar to the chapel dedicated to the Cardinal Pietro Riario in the Basilica of the Santi Apostoli, Rome. After years of deterioration, in 1765-1767 a reconstruction was ordered by the Genovese Doge Francesco Maria Della Rovere. This updated the chapel in a Rococo style, with ceiling painted by Paolo Gerolamo Brusco. The Cathedral has a noteworthy 16th-century carved wooden choir seats.
- The church of Nostra Signora di Castello has a large altarpiece by Vincenzo Foppa and Ludovico Brea painted in 1490.
- The Sanctuary of Nostra Signora della Misericordia.
Towers and fortress
- The Torre Leon Pancaldo, built in the 14th century and also known as "Torretta", is the symbol of the town.
- The Torre del Brandale, also known as Campanassa and towers Corsi and Riario.
- The Priamar fortress, built by the Genoese in 1542 after their conquest of Savona, on the area of the old cathedral and old city and later used as a prison and military priso. In 1830-1831 Giuseppe Mazzini was imprisoned in the fortress and he "dreams" the "Giovine Italia". Inside the fortress there is the Museum Centre of Priamar.
Palaces and others
- The Palazzo Della Rovere, built by Cardinal Giulio della Rovere and designed by Giuliano da Sangallo as a university.
- The Palazzo Gavotti, built in the 15th century. Inside the palace there is the Art Museum of Palazzo Gavotti that contains the Pinacoteca of Savona, the artwork of Fondazione Museo di Arte Contemporanea Milena Milani in memoria di Carlo Cardazzo and the new Ceramic Museum.
- The Palazzo Delle Piane, the most important building in Liberty style of Savona.
- In neighbourhood of Savona remains a house documented as property of Domenico Colombo, father of Christopher Columbus, where they lived for many years.
Geography
Climate
Savona has a Mediterranean climate.The average yearly temperature is around during the day and at night. In the coldest months: January, February and December, the average temperature is during the day and at night. In the warmest month – July and August – the average temperature is during the day and at night. Generally, a typical summer season lasts about 4 to 6 months, from May/June to September/October. The daily temperature range is limited, with an average range of about 7 °C between high and low temperatures. Rain occurs mainly in autumn, the summers being generally dry. Sunshine hours total above 2,097 per year, from an average 4 hours of sunshine duration per day in winter to average 9 hours in summer. Savona usually sees snow once or twice per year.
Government
People
- Paolo Boselli, Prime Minister of Italy during World War I
- Gianni Baget Bozzo, priest and politician
- Susanna Bonfiglio, basketball player
- Carlo Aonzo, classical mandolinist and composer
- Giacomo Boselli, Rococo-period sculptor of ceramics
- Elenoire Casalegno, actress and TV host
- Luis Fernando Centi, footballer
- Gabriello Chiabrera, poet
- Christopher Columbus, explorer
- Enrico Cucchi, footballer
- Renato Dossena, footballer
- Giulia Dotta, professional dancer
- Fabio Fazio, TV host
- Giuseppe Ferrerio, Roman Catholic archbishop
- Luca Ferro, footballer
- Nando Gazzolo, actor
- Orazio Grassi , astronomer
- Bartolomeo Guidobono, painter
- Domenico Guidobono, painter
- Pope Julius II
- Michele Marcolini, footballer
- Maria Christina of Naples and Sicily, Queen of Sardinia, died in Savona
- Leon Pancaldo, explorer
- Christian Panucci, footballer
- Sandro Pertini President of the Italian Republic
- Daniela Poggi, actress
- Girolamo Riario, lord of Imola and Forlì and one of the plotters behind the 1478 Pazzi Conspiracy
- Pietro Riario, cardinal and Papal diplomat
- Della Rovere noble family that flourished in the 15th century
- Annalisa Scarrone, singer and songwriter
- Renata Scotto, opera singer
- Stephan El Shaarawy, footballer
- Pope Sixtus IV
- Davide Biale, YouTube personality and bassist
Events
- The Carnival, with a parade in the centre of the town, the typical costume of Savona is Cicciulin.
- The Patron saint's festival of Nostra Signora della Misericordia, on 18 March.
- The Holy Friday, with a spectacular procession in streets of the city which takes place every two years.
- The Santa Lucia fair in the central street of Via Paleocapa on 13 December.
- The Confuoco, it takes place the last Sunday before Christmas in the square of Sisto IV.
Twin towns and sister cities