Serfiraz Hanım


Serfiraz Hanım was the sixteenth wife and favorite consort of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire.

Early life

Serfiraz Hanım was born in 1837 in Abkhazia. Born as Ayşe Liah, she was a member of the Abkhazian princely family, Liah. Her father was Prince Osman Bey Liah and her mother was Zeliha Hanım Tapsın. She had two sisters, Princess Hüsnümah Hanım and Princess Agâh Hanım.
Ayşe had been brought to Istanbul, where her father entrusted her to the imperial harem, where her name according to the custom of the Ottoman court was changed to Serfiraz.

Marriage

Serfiraz married Abdulmejid in 1851, and was granted the title of "Sixth Fortunate". After the wedding her two sisters became ladies-in-waiting to her. Hüsnümah later married a man named Süleyman Bey, and left the palace, while Agâh stayed with her, and is known to have made a pilgrimage.
On 12 June 1852, a year after the marriage, she gave birth to her first child, a son, Şehzade Osman Seyfeddin in the Çırağan Palace, who died at the age of three.
In 1853, she was elevated to "Fourth Fortunate", in 1854 to "Third Fortunate", and in 1856 to "Second Fortunate".
On 1 October 1857, she gave birth to her second child, a daughter, Bedia Sultan, who died a month old. Two years later, on 25 July 1860, she gave birth to her third child, a son, Şehzade Selim Süleyman.

As Abdulmejid's favourite wife

Serfiraz Hanım was known as the woman whom the Sultan loved the most, and spoiled. He had presented her the Yıldız Mansion. At times she left her suite in Dolmabahçe Palace and moved to Yıldız Mansion, where she used to stay for a long time.
According to contemporary historian Ahmed Cevdet Pasha, Abdulmejid was charmed by her, and was therefore incapable of punishing her for anything. Due to her influence over Abdulmejid, nobody was able to say anything to her, and she was granted full freedom of movement and freed from the restriction of seclusion and gender segregation. Other women in the palace became jealous of her, and they also began travelling through public spaces and Beyoğlu. Furthermore, their daughters also imitated them. Since this freedom was regarded to violate the prestige of the sultanate in the eyes of conservatives, the Sultan reportedly felt distress but was unable to prevent it.
An anecdote reported by Cevdet reveals the nature of the relationship between Abdulmejid and Serfiraz. Once, the Sultan went to Serfiraz’s room in the Imperial Harem, but she did not open the door. The Sultan demanded that she open the door and asked why she was not opening it, to which she replied, "a man like Rıza Pasha has been assigned to teach us good manners, which means that we are indecent. If I am indecent, then I can misbehave like this." Upon hearing this the sultan apologized to her and said, "I had to do this, but you should ignore him for a while."

Affair with Küçük Fesli

In 1855-56, she developed a relationship with an Armenian man named Küçük Fesli. She spent a lot of money on him. One day as the Armenian was sitting at a cafe in Beyoğlu, a Croat shot him. He was not hurt but his family sent him away from Istanbul. One month later the Armenian was stabbed by two persons in Beşiktaş and died a few days later. Before dying he reportedly said that Serfiraz's men stabbed him.
Therefore, his family sent petitions to the French and Russian embassies saying that Serfiraz was in love with him. However their son used to hide from the Halberdier troops she sent to call him, or gave them money to tell her they could not find him. However, the embassies omitted these passages in the petitions they gave to the Sublime Porte.

Expenses and debts

Cevdet also claims that she was the main reason for all "prodigality and debauchery". He described her as "enticing", and writes that she did as much harm as possible. According to him, not only the private treasury of the Sultan but the whole treasuries of the world would not be enough for her expenses. She wandered around in the bazaars and got into debt. In 1855, Abdulmejid's sisters, daughters and wives are said to have incurred a debt of 288,000 purses, approximately 1.15 million pounds sterling, of which, Serfiraz alone was responsible for 125,000 purses, approximately 500,000 pounds sterling.
Abdulmejid, on the other hand, was not able to say anything to her. He even obtained, with difficulty, 15,000 purses of gold for the palace employees and gave 5000 purses of it to Serfiraz. Cevdet further claims, referring to Serfiraz, “the state was showing signs of collapse due to the eagerness of a woman."
In 1858, Stamatello Volgo, a businessman and Nicholas Pisani, a merchant, lent Osman Efendi, in his capacity as a representative and kahvecibaşi of Serfiraz, two large sums of money. Both loans amounted to 2,982,770 piasters were paid to Osman in March 1858.
The two took their case to the Commercial Court in 1858. However the court couldn't do anything for them, after which they appeared in front of the Commission for the settlement of debts. The court ruled in their favor, and in May 1859, they received the equivalent of the first loan given to Osman by receiving thirty-three pieces of jewelry, which acted as collateral for the loan that was made in piasters. Though pleased with the payment, complications arose after Osman claimed that through that payment, the total amount of both loans were paid in full. Displeased with Osman’s actions, the case was directed to the court of commerce.
This commission ruled in their favour in April 1860, and Osman was ordered to pay the two claimants a total of 3,968,373 piasters and a monthly interest rate and commission payment of 2.5% until the total amount owing was paid. However, the two still dissatisfied with the ruling because nowhere in it had Serfiraz's name been recorded, after which they turned to their embassies to exercise their option.
The French Embassy requested that the Sublime Porte recall the judges who made the initial ruling, and have them rewrite it to include Serfiraz's name, after which the court of commerce directed a prosecution against her, a judgement to which she didn't protested. According to the new ruling, they had to return the jewelry that they previously received from Osman, but the saga didn't ended here. Though this round of arbitration came to a close in 1860, but for the next ten years both claimants sought restitution and repayment of the rest of the loan from the Serfiraz and Osman. They claimed that the debt was the responsibility of the Ottoman government, and that it should thus be repaid by them.

Widowhood

After Abdulmejid's death on 25 June 1861, Serfiraz and her one year old son, Şehzade Süleyman, settled in a mansion located in Ortaköy.
In March 1898, Serfiraz attended the wedding of Naime Sultan, the daughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and Kemaleddin Pasha, the son of Ghazi Osman Pasha.
Ayşe Sultan, daughter of Abdul Hamid II, notes in her memoirs that during her father's reign, Serfiraz would attend Ramadan celebrations, and would always sit next to Perestu Kadın.
Serfiraz adored music. She esteemed the western music, like her son Şehzade Süleyman. Her granddaughter Naciye Sultan writes following about her:

Death

Serfiraz Hanım settled with her son in his Bebek Palace, where she died on 9 June 1905. She was buried in the mausoleum of Şehzade Ahmed Kemaleddin in Yahya Efendi Cemetery, Istanbul.

Issue

Together with Abdulmejid, Serfiraz had three children: