Service rifle

A service rifle or service weapon is a weapon which an armed force issues as standard to its service members. In modern forces, this is typically a versatile and rugged battle rifle, assault rifle, or carbine suitable for use in nearly all environments. Most armies also have service pistols or side arms.
Although certain weapons issued to special forces units are rarely considered "service weapons" in the truest sense, certain specialist rifles and submachine guns are categorized as such if issued as per standing operating procedures upon entering special environments or scenarios. These may include urban warfare and jungle warfare environments.
Most armies also have service pistols/side arms.

History

Firearms with rifled barrels existed long before the 19th century but did not become widely used before the end of the American Civil War. Thus, rifles in the early 19th century were for specialist marksmen only, whilst ordinary infantry were issued less accurate smoothbore muskets which had a higher rate of fire, with bore diameters as high as 19 mm, or 0.75 inch.
Early "service rifles" of the 1840s, such as the Prussian Dreyse needle gun and the Swiss Infanteriegewehr Modell 1842, were technically still muskets.
Ordnance rifles were introduced in the 1860s, with the French Chassepot and the Swiss Peabody Gewehr Modell 1867. In the United States, Springfield Model 1873 was the first breech-loading rifle adopted by the United States War Department for manufacture and widespread issue to U.S. troops.
The development of Poudre B smokeless powder in 1884 spelled the end of gunpowder warfare and led to a jump in small arms development. Many armies now adopted bolt-action repeating rifles such as the Norwegian Jarmann M1884,
the Norwegian Krag–Jørgensen adopted by Denmark in 1886 and by the United States in 1892, the Swiss Schmidt-Rubin, the German Gewehr 98, and the Mosin–Nagant used by Imperial Russia from 1891.
In the 20th century, gas-operated firearms became standard. Some of the earliest examples of these were most prominent in the Second World War, however, some examples exist from the First World War and were usually semi-automatic.
The most prominent of which was the American-made M1 Garand, first brought into service with the United States in 1936. These rifles usually fired a "full-sized" cartridge, such as the.30-06 Springfield or.303 British, as opposed to an intermediate rifle cartridge.
The first selective-fire service rifles firing intermediate cartridges were introduced still during the Second World War, with the German StG 44.
Upwards of 400,000 StG44 were produced during 1943 and 1945, but it was too late in the war to be adopted as Germany's main service rifle.
This design, dubbed "assault-rifle" after the German name Sturmgewehr, was widely imitated after 1945, notably by the Soviet AK-47 and the American M14.
Modern service rifles largely retain the technology developed in the 1950s. The ArmaLite AR-15 of 1959 was notably adopted as the US M16 rifle in 1964.

Service rifles by nation

Albania

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mauser M1893	Bolt action	7.65×53mm Argentine	1929–1939
ASH-78 Tip-1	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1970s–present
Beretta ARX160	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2016–present
M4 carbine	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2015–present

Angola

Argentina

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Remington EN M1879	Rolling block	.43 Spanish	1879–1891
Mauser Modelo Argentino 1891	Bolt action	7.65×53mm Argentine	1891–1909
Mauser Modelo Argentino 1909	Bolt action	7.65×53mm Argentine	1909–1960s
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1955–present
M16A2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1993–present

Australia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Lee–Enfield	Bolt-Action	.303 British	1901–1950s
L1A1 SLR	Semi-automatic	7.62×51mm NATO	1954–1980s
F88 Austeyr	Selective-Fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1988–present
EF88 Austeyr	Selective-Fire	5.56x45mm NATO	2015-present

Austria

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Lorenz Rifle	Rifled musket	.54	1854–1867
Wanzl rifle	Trapdoor breechloader	14mm Wanzl rimfire	1854–1867
M1867 Werndl–Holub	Rotary block	11×42mm	1867–1886
Mannlicher M1886	Bolt action	11×58mmR, 8×52mmR	1886–1888
Mannlicher M1888	Bolt action	8×52mmR, 8×50mmR	1888–1895
Mannlicher M1895	Straight-pull	8×50mmR, 8×56mmR	1895–1945
GM1	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1950–1958
Sturmgewehr 58	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1958–1980s
Sturmgewehr 77	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1978–present

Bangladesh

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Type 56	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1971–present
Heckler & Koch G3A3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1980–present
M16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	1992–present
BD-08	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2008–present

Belgium

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Albini rifle	Hinged breechblock	11x50mm	1867-1889
Belgian Comblain	Falling Block	11x50mm	1870-1889
FN Mauser M1889	Bolt action	7.65×53mm Argentine	1889–1940
FN Mauser M1936	Bolt-action	7.65×53mm Argentine	1936–1949
FN SAFN-49	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1949–1956
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1954–1995
FN FNC	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1990–present
FN SCAR-L	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2015–present

Bolivia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Vz. 24	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1932–1960s
SIG SG 510	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1957–present
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1960s–present
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1968–present

Brazil

Cambodia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt-action	7.62×54mmR	1940s–1979
MAS-36	Bolt-action	7.5×54mm French	1940s–1975
Arisaka Type 38	Bolt-action	6.5×50mm Arisaka	1941–1945
Arisaka Type 99	Bolt-action	7.7×58mm Arisaka	1941–1945
M1903 Springfield	Bolt Action	.30-06 Springfield	1950s–1975
M1 Carbine	Semi-automatic rifle	.30 Carbine	1950s–1975
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic rifle	.30-06 Springfield	1950s–1975
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm	1967–1975
M16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1967–present
SKS	Semi-automatic rifle	7.62×39mm	1960s–present
Type 56 carbine	Semi-automatic rifle	7.62×39mm	1960s–present
AK-47	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–present
AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–present
Type 56	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–present
Pindad SS1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1991–present
QBZ-97	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2005–present

Canada

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Note
Enfield Rifle	Muzzle Loading	.577 British	1853-1866
Snider-Enfield	Breech Loading	.577 British	1866-1901
Martini-Henry	Breech Loading	.577,.303 British	1871-1888
Lee-Enfield Mark I	Bolt Action	.303 British	1896-1905
Ross rifle	Bolt Action	.303 British	1905–1916
Lee–Enfield Mk III	Bolt Action	.303 British	1916– 1943
Lee-Enfield No.4 Mk I	Bolt Action	.303 British	1943-1955
C1A1	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1953–1985
Colt C7	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1985–present
Colt C8	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1994–present
Colt C19	Bolt Action	7.62×51mm NATO	2016–present

Chile

Colombia

People's Republic of China

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Hanyang Type 88	Bolt Action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1888–1980s
Gewehr 98	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1927–1949
vz. 24	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1927–1980s
Karabiner 98k	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1935–1953
Type 24 rifle	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1935–1980s
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt-action	7.62×54mmR	1927–present
SVT-40	Semi-automatic	7.62×54mmR	1938–present
Type 53 Carbine	Bolt-action	7.62×54mmR	1953–present
Type 56 Carbine	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1956–present
Type 56 assault rifle	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1956–present
Type 81	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1981–present
QBZ-95	Selective fire	5.8×42mm DBP87	1995–present
QBZ-03	Selective fire	5.8×42mm DBP87	2003–present
QBZ-191	Selective fire	5.8x42mm DBP87	2019-present

Republic of China (Taiwan)

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Hanyang Type 88	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1888–1949
Gewehr 98	Bolt-Action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1911–1949
vz. 24	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1924–1950s
Karabiner 98k	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1935–present
Type Zhongzheng rifle	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1935–1950s
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1936–1968
Johnson M1941 rifle	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1941–1968
M1 Carbine	Semi-automatic	.30 Carbine	1942–1968
Type 57	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1968–present
Type 65	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1976–present
Type 91	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2003–present

Croatia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Karabiner 98k	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1941–1945
M24	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1941–1945
Zastava M70	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1991–2015
VHS	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	2008–present

Cuba

Czech Republic

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Vz. 24	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1924–1952
Vz. 33	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1934–1945
Vz. 52	Semi-automatic	7.62×45mm vz. 52, 7.62×39mm	1952–1959
Sa vz. 58	Selective fire	7.62×39mm M43	1959–present
CZ-805 BREN	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO, 7.62×39mm	2010–present

Denmark

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Pattern 1853 Enfield	Rifled musket	577	1853–1867
Remington Rolling Block	Rolling block	11mm Danish	1867–1889
Gevær M. 1889	Bolt-action	8×58RD	1889-~1945
Gevær M/50	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1945–1975
Gevær M/53	Bolt-action	.30-06 Springfield	1953–present
Gevær M/75	Semi-automatic	7.62×51mm NATO	1975–present
Gevær M/95	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1995–present
Karabin M/96	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1996–present
Gevær M/10	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2010–present

Egypt

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Lee–Enfield	Bolt Action	.303 British	1922–1967
FN Model 1949	Semi-automatic	7.92×57mm Mauser	1949–1967
Ag m/42	Semi-automatic	6.5×55mm	1950s–1967
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt-action	7.62×54mmR	1956–1967
Hakim Rifle	Semi-automatic	7.92×57mm Mauser	1950s–1967
Rasheed Carbine	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1950s–1967
SKS Carbine	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1956–1967
AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–present
CZ BREN 2	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2017–present

Estonia

Finland

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt action	7.62×54R	1891–c.1970
SVT-40	Semi-automatic	7.62×54R	1940–c.1970
RK 62	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1962–present
RK 95 TP	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1995–present
RK 62 M1	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2017–present
RK 62 M2	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2017–present
RK 62 M3	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2017–present

France

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Charleville musket	Flintlock	Musket ball	1717–1840
Delvigne rifle	Flintlock	Musket ball	1826–1846
Thouvenin Carabine à tige	Percussion cap	Musket ball	1846–1851
Minié rifle	Percussion cap	Minié ball	1848–1866
Tabatière rifle	Breech-loading	Minié ball	1864–1870
Chassepot M1866	Bolt action	11 mm	1867–1874
Remington Rolling Block	Rolling block	.43 Egyptian	c.1870
Gras M1874	Bolt-action	11×59mmR	1874–1886
Lebel Model 1886 rifle	Bolt-action	8mm Lebel	1886–1940
Berthier rifle	Bolt-action	8mm Lebel	1902–1960s
Remington modèle 1914	Rolling block	8mm Lebel	c.1914 - c.1918
MAS-36	Bolt-action	7.5×54mm French	1936–1964
MAS-49 rifle	Semi-automatic	7.5×54mm French	1949–1990
SIG SG 540	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1979–1982
FAMAS	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1981–2017
HK416F	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2017–present

Germany

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Potsdam musket	Flintlock	Musket Ball	1723-1839
Prussian Model 1839 Potsdam musket	Rifled musket	15.4 mm	1839–1861
Dreyse needle gun	Breech loading	15.4 mm	1842–1870
M1871 Mauser	Bolt action	11×60mm Mauser	1871–1888
Gewehr 1888	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1888–1915
Gewehr 98	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1898–1935
Mauser Kar 98k	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1935–1945
StG 44	Selective fire	7.92×33mm Kurz	1943–1945
Karabiner-S	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1945–1949
MPi-K	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1949–1990
G1	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1956–1960
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1959–1997
Heckler & Koch G36	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1997–present
Heckler & Koch HK416	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2018–present

Georgia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt action	7.62×54mmR	1917–1921
Gewehr 98	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1917–1921
AK-47	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1991-2000s
AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1991–2004
PM md. 63/65	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1992–Present
AK-74	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1991–Present
AK-74M	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1993–Present
Bushmaster M4	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2006–Present
M4A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2015–Present

Greece

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Fusil Gras mle 1874	Bolt action	11×59mm R Gras	1877–1913
Mannlicher–Schönauer	Bolt action	6.5×54mm	1903–1941
FN Model 1930	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1930s–1941
Lee–Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1941–1965
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1948–1990
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1965–2000
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1982–present
M16A2/M16A3/M16A4	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1993–Present
M4A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2004–Present

Guatemala

Haiti

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Krag–Jørgensen	Bolt-action	.30-40 Krag	1915-1930s
M1903 Springfield	Bolt-action	.30-06 Springfield	1930s-1950s
FN Mauser	Bolt-action	.30-06 Springfield	1930s-1990s
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	~1950s–1995 2013–present

Hungary

India

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Lee Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1947–1963
Rifle 7.62mm 1A1	Semi-automatic	7.62×51mm NATO	1963–1998
Ishapore 2A/2A1	Bolt action	7.62×51mm	Retired
AKM	SA/FA	7.62×39mm	1980–present
INSAS	selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1998–present
Tavor TAR-21	selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2002–present
AK-203	selective fire	7.62×39mm	2019–present
SIG716 G2	Semi-automatic	7.62×51mm NATO	2019–present

Indonesia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Arisaka	Bolt-action	6.5×50mm Arisaka 7.7×58mm Arisaka	1940s–1950s
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1945-middle 1970s
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1958-1990s
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1961–present
M16 rifle	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1963–present
Pindad SS1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1991–present
Pindad SS2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2006–present

Iran

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mauser 98	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1900s–1950s
Vz. 24	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1929–1960s
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	30-06	1950s–1990
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1970s–present
AK-103	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1991–present
KH2002	Selective Fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2002–present
Fateh Rifle	Selective Fire	5.56x45mm	present

Iraq

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Lee–Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1930s–1950s
AK-47	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1950s–present
AKM	Selective fire	7.62x39mm	1960s-present
M16A2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2007–present

Ireland

Israel

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Lee–Enfield No 4	Bolt action	.303 British	1948–1958
Mauser Kar98k	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1948–1974. Czechoslovakian variant. Converted into 7.62x51 NATO during the 1950s
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1955–1981
M16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1973–present
Galil AR	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1974–present
M4A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2001–present - standard issue weapon to most of the active IDF combat personnel
Tavor TAR-21	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2005–2009
Tavor X95 "Micro-Tavor"	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO / 9×19mm	2009–present – Now standard issue weapon to most of the active IDF infantry soldiers
IWI CARMEL	Selective fire	5.56x45mm NATO	present

Italy

Firearm	Action	Caliber	Service
M1870 Italian Vetterli	Bolt-action	10.4mm Vetterli	1870–1878
Vetterli Vitali	Bolt action	10.4mm Vetterli	1878–1892
Carcano	Bolt action	6.5×52mm Mannlicher–Carcano	1892–1945
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1950–1970
Beretta BM-59	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1959–1990
Beretta AR70/90	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1990–present
Beretta ARX-160	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2008–present

Jamaica

Japan

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Snider–Enfield	Breech-loading	.577 Snider	1868–1880
Murata rifle	Bolt action	11×60mmR Murata	1880–1905
Type 30 rifle	Bolt action	6.5×50mm Arisaka	1897–1905
Arisaka Type 38	Bolt-action	6.5×50mm Arisaka	1905–1945
Arisaka Type 99	Bolt-action	7.7×58mm Arisaka	1939–1945
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1954–1964
Howa Type 64	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1964–present
Howa Type 89	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1989–present
Howa Type 20	Selective fire	5.56x45mm NATO	present

Korea

Lebanon

Liberia

Libya

Luxembourg

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mauser M98	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1898–1940
Karabiner 98k	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1945
Ross rifle	Bolt action	.303 British	1945
Pattern 1914 Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1945
Lee–Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1945–1952
FN Model 1949	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1951–1956
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1956–1996
Steyr AUG	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1996–present

Malaysia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
L1A1 SLR	Semi-automatic	7.62×51mm NATO	1969–present
M16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1973–present
Heckler & Koch HK33	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1970s–present
Steyr AUG	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1990s–present
M4 carbine	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2007–present

Mexico

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Springfield Model 1873	Breech-loading	.45-70	1873–1890s
Winchester Model 1895	Lever Action	.30-06	1895–1920s
Mauser 1895 FMM 1895	Bolt action	7×57mm Mauser	1895–1902
Mauser 1898 FMM 1902/07/10/12/24/36	Bolt action	7×57mm Mauser	1902–1954
Mauser 1898 FMM 1954	Bolt action	.30-06 Springfield	1954-1963
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1963–1978
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1965–present
M-16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1971–present
Heckler & Koch G36	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1999–present
FX-05 Xiuhcoatl	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2006–present

Myanmar

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Heckler & Koch G3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1967–present
Heckler & Koch HK33	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1989–present

Netherlands

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Dutch Snider	Breech loading	17.5×29Rmm	1867–1871
Dutch Beaumont M71	Bolt-Action	11.3×50Rmm	1871–1888
Dutch Beaumont-Vital M1871/88	Bolt-Action	11.3×52Rmm	1888–1895
Dutch Mannlicher	Bolt-Action	6.5×53mmR	1895–1945
Lee–Enfield No. 4	Bolt-Action	.303 British	1945–1954
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic rifle	.30-06 Springfield	1945–1961
FN FAL	Semi-automatic rifle	7.62×51mm NATO	1961–1995
Diemaco C7	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1995–present
Diemaco C8	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1995–present

New Zealand

Norway

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Kammerlader	Breech-loading	17.5 mm/11.77 mm/12.17×42mm RF	1842-1894
Remington M1867	Rolling block	12.17×42mm RF	1867–1895
Jarmann M1884	Bolt-action	10.15×61mmR	1884–1900
Krag–Jørgensen M1894	Bolt-action	6.5×55mm	1894–1945
Lee–Enfield No 4	Bolt-action	.303 British	1940–1952
Mauser M98	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser /.30-06 Springfield	1945–1968
Selvladegevær M1	Semi-Automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1952–present
US-Karabin	Semi-automatic	.30 Carbine	1952–1970
AG-3	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1968–2020
Heckler & Koch HK416N	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2008–present

Pakistan

Peru

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
AK-47	Selective-Fire	7.62×39mm	1970s–present
AKM	Selective-Fire	7.62×39mm	1970s–present
FN FAL	Selective-Fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1958–2014
IMI Galil AR	Selective-Fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1999–present
Casanave SC-2005	Selective-Fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2005–present	Peruvian proposed upgrade for the FN FAL. In use by Peruvian Army. SC-2005, SC-2009 and SC-2010 variants used. 27,000 units produced. The SC-2010HPMWS configuration, its latest version, is currently in use by some NATO countries and more than 20 countries in the world.
Fusil Automático Doble	Selective-Fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2008–present	Also known as FAD. In use by Peruvian Army. 2,090 units produced. Domestic use only, not for export. Prototype FAD-V2 set to phase it out.
IWI Galil ACE	Selective-Fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2014–present

Philippines

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Remington Rolling block rifle	Rolling block	.43 Spanish	1896–1901
M1893 Spanish Mauser	Bolt action	7x57mm Mauser	1898–1901
M1903 Springfield	Bolt action	.30-03 Springfield	1906–1951
M1917 Enfield	Bolt Action	.30-06 Springfield	1920s–1960s
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1951–1970s
M16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	1970s–present
CAR-15	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	1970s–present
M4A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	2014–present
Remington R4A3	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	2014–present

Poland

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt Action	7.62×54mmR	1918 - 1950s	Captured and rechambered to 7.92×57mm
Gewehr 98	Bolt Action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1918 - 1939	Produced in Poland from 1929 as Mauser Carbine Kbk wz. 1929
Kbsp wz.38M	Semi-automatic	7.92x57mm Mauser	1938-1939	First indigenous rifle design, used in small quantities
Lee–Enfield	Bolt Action	.303 British	1940 - 1945	Used by Polish Armed Forces in the West
Kbk SKS	Semi-automatic rifle	7.62×39mm	1953 - 1960s	Used as a ceremonial arm till 2016
Kbk AK	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1952 - 1960s	-
Kbk AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1965–present	Still used to train and reserve services
Kbk wz. 88 "Tantal"	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1989 - 2005	10 000 sold to Iraq
Kbk wz. 96 "Beryl"	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1997–present	along with Mini-Beryl sub-carbine and in different variants
MSBS-5.56K '"Grot"	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2018–present	Accepted to service and delivered to Land Forces and Territorial Defence

Portugal

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Enfield m/1859	Percussion cap	14mm Minié	1859–1872
Snider–Enfield m/1872	Breech-loading	.577 Snider	1872–1910
Kropatschek m/1886	Bolt action	8×60mm Guedes	1886–1961
Mauser-Vergueiro m/1904	Bolt action	6.5×58mm Vergueiro	1904–1960s
Mauser m/937	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1937–1960s–present
AR-10	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1960–1974
G3 m/961	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1961–present
FN m/962	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1961–1990s
Heckler & Koch G36	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2000s–present
SCAR-L	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2019–present
SCAR-H	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	2019-present

Romania

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
M1868 Romanian Peabody	Falling block	.45 Romanian	1868–1893
M1879 Romanian Martini–Henry	Falling block	.45 Romanian	1879–1893
Steyr-Mannlicher M1893	Bolt action	6.5×53mmR	1893–1938
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt action	7.62×54mmR	1917–1960s
vz. 24	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1938–1960s
AK-47	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1950s–1963
Pistol Mitralieră model 1963/1965	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1963–present
Puşcă Automată model 1986	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1986–present
Beretta ARX160	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2019–present

Russia and Soviet Union

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
Model 1857 Six Line	Rifled musket	.60 calibre	1857–1867	-
M1867 Russian Krnka	Trapdoor breechloader	15 mm	1867–1869	Shortly after its introduction to service, the M1867 was replaced by the Berdan rifle, though both weapons would serve simultaneously for a time.
Berdan rifle	Bolt action	10.75×58mm	1869–1891	Continued on in Russian service even after the adoption of the Mosin–Nagant, primarily with reserve and rear echelon units when the Mosin-Nagant became plentiful.
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt-action	7.62×54mmR	1891–present	Replaced Berdan rifle, although both were simultaneously in use for a time. Still in use as a reserve sniper rifle. Also ceremonial use.
Winchester Model 1895	Lever-action	7.62×54mmR	1895–1917	Approximately 300,000 M1895's were manufactured for the army of the Russian Empire between 1915 and 1917 under contract. Russian Army standards demanded for parts to be changed, and rejected many rifles.
SVT-40	Semi-automatic	7.62×54mmR	1940–1955	Intended to be the Soviet Red Army's new service rifle, but its production was disrupted by the German invasion in 1941, resulting in a change back to the older Mosin–Nagant bolt-action rifle for the duration of World War II. After the war, the Soviet Union adopted new rifles, such as the SKS and the AK-47.
SKS	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1945–present	In use as ceremonial arm and a reserve service rifle.
AK-47	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1949–present	In use as a reserve service rifle.
AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1959–present	Reserve and active rear-echelon forces use.
AK-74	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1974–present	First used during the Soviet–Afghan War in 1979. Large stockpiles in reserve. Replaced by the modernized AK-74M.
AK-74M	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1991–present	Standard service rifle of the Russian Army. Currently being phased-out by the AK-12. The Universal Upgrade Kit 'Obves' for the AK-74M and AK-100 series is currently distributed to lengthen the AK-74M's service lifespan.
OTs-14 Groza	Selective fire	7.62x39mm	1994–present	Only used by Russian special operations personnel and VDV.
AN-94	Selective fire	5.45x39mm	1995–present	Used in limited numbers by the Russian Army, Police, Federal Security Service and Ministry of Internal Affairs.
AK-100 Series	Selective fire	5.45x39mm, 7.62x39mm	Various	AK-101 in limited use by Russian Army. AK-103 used by various special operations forces. AK-105 in limited use by Russian Army. AK-107 undergoing testing by Russian military. The Universal Upgrade Kit 'Obves' for the AK-74M and AK-100 series is currently distributed to lengthen the AK-74M's service lifespan.
AK-12/AK-15	Selective fire	5.45x39mm, 7.62x39mm	2018–present	Intended eventually to replace previous generations of 5.45mm Kalashnikov assault rifles in service with Russian and other government forces.
AK-200 series	Selective fire	5.45x39mm, 7.62x39mm	2018–present	AK-200 series in use for domestic law enforcement and export. AK-203 7,62x39mm variant currently in use by Russian Special Forces.

Saudi Arabia

Serbia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Mini-Frankot-Petrovich M1856	Percussion cap	Minié ball	1856–1880s
Green M1867	Percussion cap	14,9mm	1867–1880s
Peabody M1870	Percussion cap	14,9mm	1870–1880s
Mauser M1880	Bolt action	10.15×63mmR	1880–1916
Mauser M1899	Bolt action	7×57mm Mauser	1900–1930s
Mauser M80/07	Bolt action	7×57mm Mauser	1907–1930s
Mauser M910	Bolt action	7×57mm Mauser	1910–1930s
Mannlicher M1895	Bolt action	8×50mmR	1913–1930s
Mosin–Nagant 1891	Bolt action	7.62×54mmR	1914–1920s
Berthier rifle	Bolt action	8×50mmR Lebel	1916–1930s
Mauser M24	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1928–1945
Karabiner 98k	Bolt action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1941–1945
Lee-Enfield	Bolt Action	.303 British	1941–1945
Zastava M70	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1991–present
Zastava M21	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2008–present

Singapore

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
AR-15	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1968–1973
M16S1 rifle	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1973–present
SAR 80	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1980s-unknown
SR 88	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1988-unknown
SAR 21	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1999–present

Slovenia

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Note
M1798 musket	Musket	.69	1854–1867	As part of the Habsburg Monarchy
Lorenz rifle	Rifled musket	13.7mm	1854–1867	As part of the Austrian Empire
Wänzl rifle	Trapdoor breechloader	14mm Wanzl rimfire	1867–1870s	As part of the Austrian Empire
Werndl–Holub rifle	Rotary block	11×42mmR, 11×36mmR, 11×58mmR	1867–1886	As part of Austria-Hungary
Mannlicher M1886	Straight-pull	11×58mmR, 8×50mmR Mannlicher	1886–1888	As part of Austria-Hungary
Mannlicher M1888	Straight-pull	8×50mmR	1888–1910s	As part of Austria-Hungary
Mannlicher M1895	Straight-pull	8×50mmR	1895–1920s	As part of Austria-Hungary, the State of SCS and the Kingdom of SCS
Carcano	Bolt Action	6.5×52mm Carcano	1919–1943	As part of the Kingdom of Italy
M24 series	Bolt Action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1924–1948	As part of the Kingdom of SCS, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and SFR Yugoslavia
Zastava M48	Bolt Action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1948–1966	As part of SFR Yugoslavia
PAP M59/66	Semi-automatic	7.62×39	1966–1980s	As part of SFR Yugoslavia
Zastava M70	Selective fire	7.62×39	1970–2006	As part of SFR Yugoslavia
SAR 80	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	Early 1990s	-
F2000 S	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2006–present	-

Somalia

South Africa

Spain

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
M1752 Musket	Flintlock	Musket Ball	1752–1850
Model 1857 rifle musket	Rifled musket	.57 ball	1857–1867
M1857/67 Berdan	Trapdoor breechloader	15×41mmR	1867–1868
M1868 Spanish Peabody	Falling block	.56-50R Spencer, 11.15×58mmR	1868–1870
M1870 Remington	Rolling block	11.15×58mmR	1870–1893
Mauser Model 1893	Bolt action	7×57mm Mauser	1893–1945
M43 La Coruña	Bolt-action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1942–1958
CETME	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1958–1997
CETME Model L	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1984–1999
Heckler & Koch G36	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2000–present

Sri Lanka

Sweden

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
M1867 Remington	Rolling block	12.17×42mm RF	1867- ~1900
M1896 Swedish Mauser	Bolt-action	6.5×55mm	1896–1995
Ag m/42	Semi-automatic	6.5×55mm	1942–1965
Ak 4B	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1965–present
Ak 5C	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1986–present

Switzerland

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Infanteriegewehr Modell 1842	Muzzle-loading percussion	18 mm	1842–1867
Eidgenössischer Stutzer 1851	Muzzle-loading percussion	18 mm	1851–1863
M1842/59/67 Swiss Milbank-Amsler	Breechloader	18×25mmR Rimfire	1869–1869
M1867 Swiss Peabody	Falling block	10.4×38mmR Rimfire	1867–1869
Vetterli rifle	Bolt-action	10.4×38Rmm Rimfire	1869–1890
Schmidt–Rubin	Bolt-action	7.5×55mm Swiss	1889–1957
K31	Bolt-action	7.5×55mm Swiss	1933–1958
Sturmgewehr 57	Selective fire	7.5×55mm Swiss	1957–1990
Sturmgewehr 90	Selective fire	5,6mm Gw Pat 90	1988–present
Sturmgewehr 04	Selective fire	5,6mm Gw Pat 90	2004–2007
Sturmgewehr 07	Selective fire	5,6mm Gw Pat 90	2007–present

Thailand

Tibet

Turkey

Ukraine

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
SKS	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1945–present	-
AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1959–present	Used for training, and by the reserve army. Also seen at the front line being used by Volunteers. 7,000 rifles will be transferred from Lithuania to Ukraine in 2018 as a gift. Very large stockpile of AKMS variant used by reserve forces.
AK-74	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1974–present	Standard Issue Rifle for the Ukrainian Armed Forces.
AKS-74U	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	1974–present	Standard carbine of the Ukrainian Army.
Vepr	Selective fire	5.45×39mm	2010–present	Currently in limited use by Ukrainian Special Forces. "Malyuk" modernized variant undergoing testing by Special Forces since 2016.
Fort-221	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2014–present	*Used by Special Forces and by the "Tornado" battalion of the MVD. An Israeli IMI TAR-21 built under license by RPC Fort in Vinnitsa and designed to chamber the 5.45×39mm round instead of the standard 5.56×45mm NATO round.
Fort-224	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2014–present	IWI Tavor TAR-21 licensed by RPC Fort of Ukraine. In use by Special Forces.
M4-WAC-47	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2017–present	Being tested as of October 9, 2017. Can be changed from 7.62x39mm to 5.56×45mm NATO, by changing the barrel and several other parts. 10 Rifles have been given to several services for testing to determine if the weapon is of good quality.

United Kingdom & British Overseas Territories

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
Brown Bess	Flintlock	.69 ball	1722-1838
Ferguson rifle	Breech-loading	.650 Ball	1776
Baker rifle	Flintlock	.615 Ball	1801–1837
Brunswick rifle	Percussion cap	.704 Ball	1837–1851
Pattern 1853 Enfield	Percussion cap	.577 Ball	1853–1867
Snider–Enfield	Breech-loading	.577 Snider	1866–1901
Martini–Henry	Breech-loading	.577/450 Martini–Henry	1871–1888
Lee–Metford	Bolt action	.303 British	1888–1926
Magazine Lee–Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1895–1918
Short Magazine Lee–Enfield Mk I	Bolt action	.303 British	1904–1918	Later renamed Rifle No. 1 MkI
Short Magazine Lee–Enfield Mk III	Bolt action	.303 British	1907-1957	Later renamed Rifle No. 1 MkIII
Pattern 1914 Enfield	Bolt action	.303 British	1914–1947	Rifle No. 3
Remington Model 1901	Rolling block	7×57mm Mauser	c.1915 - c.1918	Used by Royal Navy crews of minesweepers and Q-ships WW1
Rifle No. 4	Bolt action	.303 British	1941-1957
Rifle No. 5 Mk I	Bolt action	.303 British	1945-1957
Rifle Automatic No. 9	Semi-automatic	.280 British	1951	EM-2 Rifle
L1A1 SLR	Semi-automatic	7.62×51mm NATO	1956–1987
Ruger Mini-14	Semi-automatic	.223 Remington	1983–2016
L85A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1985–2006	SA80 Program
Steyr AUG	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1980s–present
L85A2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2001–present	SA80 Program
L22A2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2004–present	SA80 Carbine variant, A1 Version does not exist
L119	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2005–present	Diemaco C8 variant
L129A1	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	2010–present	In use as a Marksman Rifle
L85A3	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2018–present	SA80 Program

United States

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
Model 1795 Musket	Flintlock	.69 Ball	1795–1842	-
Model 1803 Rifle	Flintlock	.54 Ball	1803-1841	-
Model 1812 Musket	Flintlock	.69 Ball	1812–1842	-
Model 1814 Rifle	Flintlock	.54 Ball	1814-1841	-
Model 1816 Musket	Flintlock	.69 Ball	1816–1842	-
Model 1817 Rifle	Flintlock	.54 Ball	1817–1842	-
Model 1822 Musket	Flintlock	.69 Ball	1822–1865	-
Springfield Model 1835	Flintlock	.69 Ball	1835–1842	-
Springfield Model 1842	Percussion cap	.69 Ball	1842–1854	-
Springfield Model 1855	Percussion cap	.58 Minié	1854–1861	-
Spencer Repeating Rifle	Lever Action	56-56 Spencer	1860–1873	-
Springfield Model 1861	Percussion cap	.58 Minié	1861–1867	-
Henry Repeating Rifle	Lever Action	.44 Henry	1862–1873	-
Springfield Model 1863	Percussion cap	.58 Minié	1863–1865	-
Springfield Model 1865	Breech-loading	.58 Musket Rimfire	1865–1867	-
Springfield Model 1866	Breech-loading	.50-70 Government	1866–1873	-
Springfield Model 1868	Breech-loading	.50-70 Government	1869–1873	-
Springfield Model 1873	Breech-loading	.45-70	1873–1892	-
Springfield Model 1884	Breech-loading	.45-70	1884–1894	-
Springfield Model 1892-99	Bolt action	.30-40 Krag	1894–1907	-
M1895 Lee Navy	Straight-pull	6mm Lee Navy	1895-1907	-
M1903 Springfield	Bolt-action	.30-06 Springfield	1903–1975	-
M1916 Mosin–Nagant	Bolt-action	7.62×54R	1916–1919	-
M1917 Enfield	Bolt-action	.30-06 Springfield	1917–1953	-
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic	.30-06 Springfield	1936–1963	-
M1 Carbine	Semi-automatic	.30 Carbine	1942–1960s	-
M2 Carbine	Selective fire	.30 Carbine	1945–1960s	-
M14	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1959–present	Standard issue until 1970, Currently used as a marksman rifle
M16	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1964–1967
M16A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1967–1984
M16A2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1984–present
M16A3	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1992–present
M16A4	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1999–present
M4	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1994–2014	Was standard carbine of US Army, US Air Force, and US Marine Corps.
M4A1	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	1994–present	Originally exclusive to special operations forces, now standard carbine of US Army, US Air Force, and US Marine Corps with M4s being converted to M4A1s.

Uruguay

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
Mauser Model 1908	Bolt Action	7.92×57mm Mauser	1898–1958	Series of Gewehr 98 pattern bolt-action rifles. First produced by Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken and Mauser, they were exported to Uruguay and Brazil. Uruguay received DWM-made Model 1908 rifles and short rifles before 1914 and used them into the 1950s.
M1 Garand	Semi-automatic rifle	.30-06 Springfield	1950s–1990s	Acquired in the 1950s through an agreement with a United States military equipment supply system. In reserve and not currently in use. At least 7,000 units to be returned to the United States.
M1 Carbine	Semi-automatic rifle	.30 Carbine	1950s–1990s	M1, M2 and M1/M2 variants acquired from 1942 until 1976 through an agreement with a United States military equipment supply system. 32,346 units in total. At least 6,000 units to be returned to the United States. In reserve, still in use for National Army recruit training.
FN FAL	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1950s–present	Argentine-licensed version of the Belgian FN FAL. FM FAP variant also used. Slowly being phased-out by the Steyr AUG A2.
AK-101	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2002–present	282 AK-101 and AK-102 units acquired. Used with GP-30 grenade launcher. In use by Uruguayan UN Peacekeepers in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Haiti.
AK-102	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2002–present	282 AK-101 and AK-102 units acquired. Used with GP-30 grenade launcher. In use by Uruguayan UN Peacekeepers in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Haiti.
HK G36	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2008–present	Variants E, K and C in use exclusively by the elite airborne, commando, and antiterrorist Battalion 14 and the Armored Infantry Battalion 13. 626 units acquired.
Steyr AUG A2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm NATO	2009–present	Set to replace the FN FAL following a bidding contest in 2007 and 2008. 3,700 units acquired between 2009 and 2010.

Venezuela

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service
Gewehr 98	Bolt-action	7×57mm Mauser	1898–1960s
FN Model 1949	Semi-automatic	7×57mm Mauser	1950–1960s
FN FAL 50.63	Selective fire	7.62×51mm NATO	1954–present
AK-103	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2006–present

Vietnam

Firearm	Action	Calibre	Service	Notes
Mosin–Nagant	Bolt-action	7.62×54mmR	1920s–1960s	-
SKS	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1960s–1975	-
Type 56 carbine	Semi-automatic	7.62×39mm	1960s–1975	Currently in limited use.
AK-47	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–2000s	Replaced by AKM along with the Type 56.
Type 56	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–2000s	Replaced by AKM.
AKM	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	1960s–present	Currently being phased out. Still used by reserved forces and police SWAT teams.
XM177E2	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	1960s–present	Used by Special Forces and Coast Guard.
Tavor TAR-21	Selective fire	5.56×45mm	2012–present	Used by Marines and Naval Special Forces
Galil ACE 31/32	Selective fire	7.62×39mm	2015–present	The ACE 31 is used by Special Forces while the ACE 32 is used by all other Branches.

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